%0 Journal Article
%T Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory and Anti-Obesity Potential of Sorrel Calyx Extracts in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
%A E. Mutai
%A Jorge Vizcarra
%A L. T. Walker
%A M. Verghese
%J Food and Nutrition Sciences
%P 452-465
%@ 2157-9458
%D 2015
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/fns.2015.65047
%X <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa</i> L. (sorrel) has been widely used in the
development of tropical beverages and folk medicine. This study¡¯s objective was
to investigate the anti-obesity potential of sorrel calyx extracts (methanol
and water) on 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Phytochemical content, antioxidant potential
as DPPH (1, 1<i>-Diphenyl-</i>2<i>-picrylhydrazyl) </i>radical scavenging
activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power<i> </i>(FRAP)<i> </i>and enzyme (<i>¦Á</i>-glucosidase, <i>¦Á</i>-amylase, and pancreatic lipase) inhibitory activities were
determined in sorrel methanol extracts (SME) and sorrel water extracts (SWE).
Effect of SWE and SME on lipid accumulation, lipolysis and apoptosis were
tested in 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation and maintenance stage of cells at
selected concentrations (200 - 1000 ¦Ìg/ml) was studied. The total phenolic (GAE
mg/100g dry weight) and total flavonoid (mg catechin equi/ 100g dry we<span>ight) contents in SME and SWE were 158.31 and 317.27
and 90.77 and 100.08. DPPH%</span> <span>inhibition
(IC-<sub>50</sub>-mg/ml) and FRAP (mmol Fe [II]/100g dry weight) were 0.82 and
0.33 and 1799.</span>13 and 2296.38 for SWE and SME, respectively. SME and SWE
inhibited <i>¦Á</i>-glucosidase, <i>¦Á</i>-amylase, and pancreatic lipase
activities by more than 40% at 4mg/ml. Significant (p &lt; 0.05) reduction in
lipid accumulation and increased glycerol release in 3T3-L1 cells was observed
at concentrations ranged from 600 mg/ml of both extracts. Treating cells with
SME-1000 ¦Ìg/ml at differentiation resulted inhibition (p &lt; 0.05) of lipid
accumulation by 45% compared to untreated cells. Highest (p &lt; 0.05) (35%)
decrease in triglyceride content as well as higher glycerol release was seen in
cells exposed to SME at the differentiation stage. Sorrel extracts induced
apoptosis in adipocytes at higher concentrations with prominent effect of
treating cells at differentiation stage. The results of this study showed
effect of sorrel extracts in reduction of lipid accumulation and increase in
lipolysis of 3T3-L1 cells.
%K Sorrel
%K Phytochemicals
%K Adipogenesis
%K Adipocytes
%K Lipolysis
%K Antioxidant
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=55290