%0 Journal Article
%T Mild Anemia and Pregnancy Outcome in a Swiss Collective
%A Gabriela Bencaiova
%A Christian Breymann
%J Journal of Pregnancy
%D 2014
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2014/307535
%X Background. Over half of all women in the world experience anemia during their pregnancy. Our aim was to investigate the relation between hemoglobin and iron status examined in second trimester and pregnancy outcome. Methods. In a prospective longitudinal study, 382 pregnant women were included. Blood samples were examined for hematological status and serum ferritin between 16 and 20 weeks and for hemoglobin before delivery. The adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes were determined. Regression analysis was performed to establish if anemia and low serum ferritin are risk factors for pregnancy complications. Results. There was no increase of complications in women with mild anemia and in women with depleted iron stores. The finding showed that mild iron deficiency anemia and depleted iron stores are not risk factors for adverse outcomes in iron supplemented women. Conclusions. Mild anemia and depleted iron stores detected early in pregnancy were not associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in iron supplemented women. 1. Introduction Over half of all women in the world experience anemia during their pregnancy [1¨C4]. The association between the gestational age at which anemia is diagnosed and adverse pregnancy outcomes is an important issue [5, 6]. Some of the increase in anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) with gestation is a consequence of the normal physiological changes of pregnancy [7]. To avoid the difficulties in anemia detection caused by plasma volume increase, the examination should be conducted until 20 weeks of gestation. Findings from the studies on the relationship between anemia and adverse pregnancy outcome are contradictory. Several studies have shown that preterm delivery, small for gestational age, and low birth weight are increased for women with anemia during the 1st trimester and risk depends on the severity of the hemoglobin deficit [6, 8¨C11]. Women with hemoglobin between 8.0 and 9.9£¿g/dL had significantly higher risk for low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age than women with hemoglobin between 10.0 and 11.9£¿g/dL [12]. The observation by Scholl et al. showed that only iron deficiency anemia, not any other anemia, was related to preterm birth, which suggests that some iron specific mechanism may be at play [12]. Severe anemia is also associated with adverse maternal outcome and may contribute directly or indirectly to a significant proportion of maternal cardiac failure, hemorrhage, and infection. On the other hand, higher rates of placental problems (abnormal placentation and placental
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jp/2014/307535/