%0 Journal Article
%T Infiltration of Black Carbon Particles from Residential Woodsmoke into Nearby Homes
%A Tracy L. Thatcher
%A Thomas W. Kirchstetter
%A Christopher J. Malejan
%A Courtney E. Ward
%J Open Journal of Air Pollution
%P 111-120
%@ 2169-2661
%D 2014
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/ojap.2014.34011
%X <p style=\"text-align:justify;\">
	<span style=\"font-size:10.0pt;line-height:102%;font-family:;\" \"=\"\"><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;\">In
many communities, residential wood burning is the source of a significant
fraction of wintertime PM2.5 and produces exposures to nearby residents inside
their homes. To evaluate the magnitude of this effect, black carbon particles
were measured as a proxy for woodsmoke indoors and outdoors in a community
where residential woodsmoke is the only significant particle source. Thirteen
indoor/outdoor measurement pairs were obtained at 4 different residences and
showed an average indoor/outdoor concentration ratio of 0.78 ¡À 0.21 for
residences without indoor generation. In addition, a time dependent mass
balance model was used in conjunction with aethalometer measurements taken over
16 nights at a single residence to estimate an average air exchange rate of
0.26 ¡À 0.08 h</span><sup><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;\">-1</span></sup><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;\">, an average deposition loss rate of 0.08 ¡À 0.03 h</span><sup><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;\">-1</span></sup><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;\">,
and an average penetration factor of 0.97 ¡À 0.02. </span></span><span style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;font-family:Verdana;\">Using a mechanistic approach which utilizes these
average values in a steady state model, the predicted average infiltration
factor was 0.74 for the residence studied. The high values for both measured
I/O ratio and modeled infiltration factor show that residential environments
provide inhabitants with relatively little protection from recently generated
wood smoke particles.</span> 
</p>
%K I/O Ratio
%K Infiltration Factor
%K Black Carbon
%K Woodsmoke Particles
%K Indoor Exposure
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52016