%0 Journal Article
%T Etiology of Drug Abuse: A Narrative Analysis
%A Nadjme Jadidi
%A Nouzar Nakhaee
%J Journal of Addiction
%D 2014
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2014/352835
%X Introduction and Aim. Further gains in the prevention of drug abuse disorders require in-depth and holistic understanding of the risk factors of addiction from different perspectives. Lay persons and experts have different concepts of risk which could complement each other. The purpose of this study was to elaborate drug abuse risk factors through the story of individuals who had become drug dependent. Design and Methods. In this qualitative research, 33 individuals attending treatment centres for drug abuse were interviewed about the story of their addiction in Kerman, Iran. Interview questions were around the story of the participants. Results. All participants were male and in the age range of 18¨C40 years. Narrative analysis identified five themes as the main risk factors: family factors, peer pressure, the effect of gateway drugs (especially waterpipe), individual characteristics, and the community factors. More emphasis was placed upon the role of family factors, peer influence, and gateway effect. Discussion and Conclusion. This study elicited information from drug dependent subjects regarding the risk factors of drug abuse. According to drug dependent individuals¡¯ views, more attention should be devoted to family and peer influences by policy makers, in developing culture-based preventive strategies. 1. Introduction According to the UNODC report, approximately 5% of the world adult population have used illegal drugs at least once in 2010 and 0.6% of people are considered ¡°problem drug users¡± [1]. Drug abuse will impact various aspects of one¡¯s life including physical, mental, and social aspects. In addition to more than 200,000 deaths per annum due to heroin and cocaine abuse, drug abuse could lead to delinquency, early sexual activity, family disintegration, and increased risk of HIV [1, 2]. Although the rate of drug abuse is reported to be steady in some countries, it has shown an increasing trend in many developing societies [1]. Iran is facing an increasing number of drug abusers that have negative social and health impacts [3]. Over the past century, many theories have been proposed to describe the aetiology of drug abuse [2, 3]. These theories are categorised in 3 main subgroups of social, psychological, and biological subgroups [4]. Although multiple theories would help in better understanding of the aetiology of addiction, this multiplicity could convey the lack of consensus around aetiology of drug abuse [2] and, according to Spooner, scientific evidence in this area is inadequate [5]. The majority of studies in drug dependency have a
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jad/2014/352835/