%0 Journal Article
%T GC Analyses of Salvia Seeds as Valuable Essential Oil Source
%A Mouna Ben Taarit
%A Kamel Msaada
%A Karim Hosni
%A Brahim Marzouk
%J Advances in Chemistry
%D 2014
%R 10.1155/2014/838162
%X The essential oils of seeds of Salvia verbenaca, Salvia officinalis, and Salvia sclarea were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. The oil yields (w/w) were 0.050, 0.047, and 0.045% in S. verbenaca, S. sclarea, and S. officinalis, respectively. Seventy-five compounds were identified. The essential oil composition of S. verbenaca seeds showed that over 57% of the detected compounds were oxygenated monoterpenes followed by sesquiterpenes (24.04%) and labdane type diterpenes (5.61%). The main essential oil constituents were camphor (38.94%), caryophyllene oxide (7.28%), and 13-epi-manool (5.61%), while those of essential oil of S. officinalis were ¦Á-thujone (14.77%), camphor (13.08%), and 1,8-cineole (6.66%). In samples of S. sclarea, essential oil consists mainly of linalool (24.25%), ¦Á-thujene (7.48%), linalyl acetate (6.90%), germacrene-D (5.88%), bicyclogermacrene (4.29%), and ¦Á-copaene (4.08%). This variability leads to a large range of naturally occurring volatile compounds with valuable industrial and pharmaceutical outlets. 1. Introduction The genus Salvia (Lamiaceae) comprises nearly 900 species widely spread throughout the world, which display marked morphological and genetic variations according to their geographical origin [1]. Several Salvia species, namely, Salvia officinalis, Salvia sclarea, and Salvia verbenaca, are widely used in folk medicine [2]. Potential therapeutic activities of these Salvia species are due to their essential oils [3], since these species are known to possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, and aromatic properties [4]. Chemical composition of essential oils reveals differences among these Salvia species [5¨C7]. Numerous investigations on Salvia officinalis show that 1,8-cineole, ¦Á-thujone, ¦Â-thujone, and camphor are the main compounds of the essential oil [8¨C10]. Linalool, linalyl acetate, and germacrene-D characterize S. sclarea plants [11]. Salvia species also display great intraspecific essential oil variations according to geographical origin, since sabinene, cadinene, terpinen-4-ol, and pinene are shown to be typical compounds of S. verbenaca essential oil originated from Saudi Arabia [4], while ¦Â-phellandrene and ( )-caryophyllene prevail in essential oil from Greece [7]. In Tunisia, S. verbenaca essential oil shows variations of composition according to the region origin [12, 13] and in respect to the studied plant part [14]. These numerous studies are focused on aerial parts of these species, while works interested in seeds are scanty in spite of
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ac/2014/838162/