%0 Journal Article
%T Epidemiological, Pathophysiological and Clinical Peculiarities of Graves¡¯ Disease in Children with Down and Turner Syndrome: A Literature Review
%A Malgorzata Wasniewska
%A Tommaso Aversa
%A Filippo De Luca
%A Mariella Valenzise
%A Maria Francesca Messina
%A Fortunato Lombardo
%J Health
%P 1447-1452
%@ 1949-5005
%D 2014
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/health.2014.612178
%X Aim: to describe the salient relationships between Graves¡¯ disease (GD) and both Turner syndrome (TS) and Down syndrome (DS). Design: to conduct a secondary analysis of current literature on this topic. Results: 1) the prevalences of GD in TS and in DS young patients are 1.7% and 6.5¡ë, respectively, i.e. higher than that in pediatric general population (around 1¡ë); 2) in both these chromosomopathies GD presentation is often preceded by Hashimoto¡¯s thyroiditis (HT) antecedents; 3) in both TS and DS, GD presents with a clinical picture very similar to that observed in GD patients without these chromosomopathies; 4) in TS, clinical course of GD under pharmacological therapy is very similar to that observed in non-TS girls; 5) in DS, clinical course of GD under pharmacological therapy is less severe than that in non-DS patients. Conclusions: in the children with either TS or DS, GD is characterized by two common epidemiological peculiarities, i.e. increased prevalence rate and elevated frequency of HT antecedents.
%K Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
%K Chromosomopathies
%K Clinical Course
%K Hyperthyroidism
%K Prevalence
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=47117