%0 Journal Article
%T Overweight and Obesity: Risk Factors in Calcium Oxalate Stone Disease?
%A Beate Maria Wrobel
%A Gernot Schubert
%A Markus Hˋrmann
%A Walter Ludwig Strohmaier
%J Advances in Urology
%D 2012
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2012/438707
%X Introduction. Several studies showed an association of overweight and obesity with calcium oxalate stone disease (CaOx). However, there are no sufficient data on the influence of body weight on the course of the disease and the recurrence rate. Patients and Methods. consecutive stone formers with pure CaOx were studied. Different parameters were investigated. According to the BMI, patients were divided into three groups: (1) ; (2) BMI 25.1每30; (3) . Results. patients showed a , patients showed a BMI of 25.1每30 and patients showed a . The groups differed significantly concerning BMI (by definition), urine pH, and urine citrate. The recurrence rate was not significantly different. Discussion. Our study demonstrated that body weight negatively influences single risk factors in CaOx, but obesity is not a predictor for the risk of recurrence in CaOx. 1. Introduction Several studies showed an association of overweight and obesity with calcium oxalate stone disease (CaOx) [1每3]. There was a correlation between body weight and promoters of CaOx. In general stone disease is often associated with diabetes [4每6]. For example, Maalouf et al. have shown in 2004 that there＊s an reciprocal correlation between urinary pH and overweight [7]. Other metabolic risk factors are correlated with body weight: urinary pH, uric acid, calcium, citrate, and oxalic acid [8每10]. So far, however, there are no sufficient data on the influence of body weight on the course of the disease and the recurrence rate of CaOx. 2. Patients and Methods consecutive stone formers with pure CaOx treated in the Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology at the Klinikum Coburg, Germany, were studied. Stone analysis was performed by polarization microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A detailed history including the number of stone episodes occurring in the past was recorded. The BMI was calculated after determining body weight and height. Arterial blood pressure (RR) was measured according to the recommendations of the World Hypertension League sitting after 5 minutes at rest. The following parameters were determined in all these patients: Urine pH profiles on three consecutive days at morning (fasting), noon (postprandial) and evening (postprandial). For urine pH measurements, dipsticks were used which allow pH measuring in 0.1 steps (Madaus GmbH, Cologne, Germany). The mean urinary pH was calculated in every patient. Blood was drawn to measure creatinine (Jaff谷 reaction, Dade Behring Marburg, Germany), potassium (atomic absorption), calcium (indirect ion sensitive electrode), glucose (postprandially;
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/au/2012/438707/