%0 Journal Article
%T Digital Pixel Sensor Array with Logarithmic Delta-Sigma Architecture
%A Alireza Mahmoodi
%A Jing Li
%A Dileepan Joseph
%J Sensors
%D 2013
%I MDPI AG
%R 10.3390/s130810765
%X Like the human eye, logarithmic image sensors achieve wide dynamic range easily at video rates, but, unlike the human eye, they suffer from low peak signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratios (PSNDRs). To improve the PSNDR, we propose integrating a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in each pixel. An image sensor employing this architecture is designed, built and tested in 0.18 micron complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. It achieves a PSNDR better than state-of-the-art logarithmic sensors and comparable to the human eye. As the approach concerns an array of many ADCs, we use a small-area low-power delta-sigma design. For scalability, each pixel has its own decimator. The prototype is compared to a variety of other image sensors, linear and nonlinear, from industry and academia.
%K CMOS image sensors
%K dynamic range
%K digital pixel sensors
%K nonlinear response
%K signal-to-noise ratio
%K analog-to-digital conversion
%K delta-sigma modulation
%K decimation
%U http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/8/10765