%0 Journal Article
%T GeoSense: A Multimode Information and Communication System
%A D. Sudharsan
%A J. Adinarayana
%A A. K. Tripathy
%A S. Ninomiya
%A M. Hirafuji
%A T. Kiura
%A U. B. Desai
%A S. N. Merchant
%A D. Raji Reddy
%A G. Sreenivas
%J ISRN Sensor Networks
%D 2012
%R 10.5402/2012/215103
%X Recent technological developments allowed to envision the low-power (solar power) and low-cost (open hardware) sensor devices (Agrisens/FieldServer/Flux Tower/FieldTwitter) with multimode (ZigBee/WiFi/3G/WebGIS) information and communication technologies (ICTs), a model in which is christened as GeoSense. Integrating these multimode and multi-level communication systems with distributed ambient sensory network location-based service (LBS) is a challenging task, which could be a potential technology for monitoring various natural phenomena. This integrated model is introduced to provide and assist the rural stakeholders with real-time decision support system (DSS) with dynamic information and modeling services for precision agriculture through GeoSense cloud service. This GeoSense research has been experimented in semiarid tropics in India under Indo-Japan initiative on multi-disciplinary ICT program. 1. Introduction ICT is playing an important role in all walks of life in the knowledge society, including the rural systems with the revolutionary IVR and mobile telephony; (aAQUA [1], e-sagu [2], and FAS [3]). Geographical ICT (LBSs) and geocomputation is one of the important systems to solve a few dynamic open solutions in various rural development activities. This combination of ICT and GIS helps the remote rural stakeholders in a more interactive, integrated, and coordinated manner (distribution collaboration) in [4]. Another important ICT is SN, which is designed to detect physical/environmental events or phenomena, collect and process data, and transmit sensed information to the interested hub routing/server/users. Basic features of sensor networks in [5] are(i)self-organizing capabilities;(ii)short-/long-range broadcast communication and multi-hub routing;(iii)dense deployment and cooperative effort of sensor nodes;(iv)frequently changing topology due to fading and node failures;(v)limitations in energy, transmit power, memory, and computing power. These characteristics, particularly the last three, make sensor networks different from other well-established communication wireless ad hoc or mesh networks such as GSM or WLAN, which are based on a fixed network infrastructure, unattended and self-organizing. These so-called wireless adhoc and sensor networks open a wide range of communication and applications in [6]. The idea of mesh networking is not new but has been suggested for some time for wireless Intra-/Internet access or voice communication in [7]. Similarly, small computers, and sensors are not necessary; it has to be innovative/new parts for
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.sensor.networks/2012/215103/