%0 Journal Article
%T Objective versus Subjective Assessment of Laparoscopic Skill
%A Pieter J. van Empel
%A Lennart B. van Rijssen
%A Joris P. Commandeur
%A Mathilde G. E. Verdam
%A Judith A. Huirne
%A Fedde Scheele
%A H. Jaap Bonjer
%A W. Jeroen Meijerink
%J ISRN Minimally Invasive Surgery
%D 2013
%R 10.1155/2013/686494
%X Background. The equality of subjective- and objective-assessment methods in laparoscopic surgery are unknown. The aim of this study was to compare a subjective assessment method to an objective assessment method to evaluate laparoscopic skill. Methods. A prospective observational cohort study was conducted. Seventy-two residents completed a basic laparoscopic suturing task on a box trainer at two consecutive assessment points. Laparoscopic skill was rated subjectively using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) list and objectively using the TrEndo, an augmented-reality simulator. Results. TrEndo scores between the two assessment points correlated. OSATS scores did not correlate between the two assessment points. There was a correlation between TrEndo and OSATS scores at the first assessment point, but not at the second assessment point. Overall, OSATS scores correlated with TrEndo scores. There was a greater spread within OSATS scores compared to TrEndo scores. Conclusion. OSATS scores correlated with TrEndo scores. The TrEndo may be more responsive at rating individualĄ¯s laparoscopic skill, as demonstrated by a smaller overall spread in TrEndo scores. The additional value of objective assessment methods over conventional assessment methods as provided by laparoscopic simulators should be investigated. 1. Introduction Simulation based training in laparoscopic or minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is gaining recognition. To enhance patient safety the initial learning curve in MIS may be moved outside the operating room (OR). Several validation studies demonstrated simulator based training to improve laparoscopic psychomotor skills and OR performance [1¨C3]. Simulation-based training is also cost-effective and easily implementable in a surgical training curriculum [4, 5]. Three classes of MIS simulators are currently available: computerized virtual reality trainers (VR), traditional box trainers (BT) and a combination of the former two; augmented reality trainers (AR) [6, 7]. All simulators aim for a maximal realistic setting. However, laparoscopic basic skills training remains unrealistic as VR and AR simulators are computer based. Furthermore, VR and AR simulators do not provide tactile (haptic) feedback. Box trainers do preserve a realistic setting including haptic feedback and augmented depth perception [8] but would lack objective assessment methods and a low fidelity to actual laparoscopic procedures [9]. Training in MIS should include objective assessment. Various MIS assessment methods have been developed and typically
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.mis/2013/686494/