%0 Journal Article
%T Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Urban Community of Meerut City, India
%A Devanand Prakash
%A Ramchandra Sahai Saxena
%J ISRN Microbiology
%D 2013
%R 10.1155/2013/749629
%X Urinary tract infection is one of the common infections in the Indian community. Distribution and susceptibility of UTI-causing pathogens change according to time and place. This study was conducted to determine the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens in the Indian community as well as to determine the effect of gender and age on the etiology of bacterial uropathogens. Clean catch midstream urine samples were collected from 288 patients of the age ranging from 15 to ¡Ý48 years. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed on all isolated bacteria by Kirby Bauer¡¯s disc diffusion method. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of each antibiotic was calculated. The UTI prevalence was 53.82% in patients; however, the prevalence was significantly higher in females than in males (females: 73.57%; males: 35.14%; ). Females within the age group of 26¨C36 years and elderly males of ¡Ý48 years showed higher prevalence of UTI. Gram negative bacteria (90.32%) were found in high prevalence than Gram positive (9.68%). Escherichia coli (42.58%) was the most prevalent gram negative isolate. Nitrofurantoin (78.71%) was found the most resistant drug among all uropathogens. Tested carbapenems were found the most susceptible drug against isolated uropathogens which showed 92.26% and 84.52% susceptibility, respectively. 1. Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the commonest bacterial infectious disease in community practice with a high rate of morbidity and financial cost. It has been estimated that 150 million people were infected with UTI per annum worldwide which costing global economy more than 6 billion US dollars [1]. UTIs is described as a bacteriuria with urinary symptoms [2]. UTI can affect lower and sometimes both lower and upper urinary tracts. The term cystitis has been used to define the lower UTI infection and is characterized by symptoms such as dysuria, frequency, urgency, and suprapubic tenderness. The presence of the lower UTI symptoms does not exclude the upper UTI which is often present in most UTI cases [3]. The treatment of UTI can be classified into uncomplicated and complicated on the basis of their choice of treatment [4]. UTI is more common in females than in males as female urethra structurally found less effective for preventing the bacterial entry [5]. It may be due to the proximity of the genital tract and urethra [6] and adherence of urothelial mucosa to the mucopolysaccharide lining [7]. The other main factors which make females more prone to UTI are pregnancy and sexual activity [8]. In pregnancy, the
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.microbiology/2013/749629/