%0 Journal Article
%T Study of Zinc Sulfide Concentrates by DTA, TGA, and X-Ray Analyses and Their Roasting in Fluidized Bed Furnace
%A B. S. Boyanov
%A A. B. Peltekov
%J ISRN Industrial Engineering
%D 2013
%R 10.1155/2013/719759
%X Bulgaria is a major producer of zinc in the Balkans (about 100,000 tons per year). The two zinc plants (KCM S.A., Plovdiv, and LZC S.A., Kardzhali) deliver the necessary raw materials from Bulgaria and abroad. But the zinc production at LZC Kardzhali for nearly a year has stopped. Turkey is a main producer of zinc sulfide concentrates from the Balkan countries. In this connection, an analysis of the delivered Turkish sulfide zinc concentrates is made through statistical processing of data about their chemical content. For the aim of processing them according to the classic hydrometallurgical scheme, studies are carried out using X-ray phase analysis as well as DTA and TGA. Providing optimal charge for roasting in fluid bed furnace (FBF) can be successfully done by using the WEB-based information system we have written, which calculates mixtures of different raw materials. The program system developed is illustrated by calculations of charges of 5 zinc concentrates from Turkey. The accomplishment of optimal mixing of concentrates and providing a stable mix composition for a long period of time is a task of primary importance in the technological process control in zinc hydrometallurgy. 1. Introduction The world production of zinc during the last years experiences a shortage of enough quantity of quality zinc raw materials. Regardless of the fact that during the years 2006¨C2012 the production of primary zinc raw materials increased from 8 839£¿K£¿tons to 13 604£¿K£¿tons (increase percentage of 18.9%) and forecast to increase to about 14 000£¿kt in 2013, the demand usually exceeds the supply on the world markets [1¨C4]. Despite the expected considerable increase of the global production of concentrates in 2013, it is anticipated that the world supply of primary zinc raw materials will remain insufficient. This is due to the continuing position of China as the chief importer of concentrates and to the expected increase in the global production of refined zinc. This follows as a consequence of the ever-increasing consumption of metal zinc, mainly in China, India, and Brazil [3, 5, 6]. A major producer of zinc on the Balkans is Bulgaria (about 100 000£¿tons per year) [2, 7]. Bulgarian zinc plants deliver a part of the necessary zinc sulfide concentrates from Bulgaria and the Balkan countries¡ªTurkey, Romania, Greece, Serbia, and Macedonia (Figure 1). A part of primary raw materials is imported from Poland, Morocco, Peru, Canada, and others. Figure 1: Processed zinc concentrates in Bulgaria in kt (a) and % (b). Turkey is a main producer of sulfide zinc concentrates
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.industrial.engineering/2013/719759/