%0 Journal Article
%T Supplements and Foods with Potential Reduction of Blood Pressure in Prehypertensive and Hypertensive Subjects: A Systematic Review
%A Aline de Freitas Brito
%A Caio Victor Coutinho de Oliveira
%A Lydiane Tavares Toscano
%A Alexandre S¨¦rgio Silva
%J ISRN Hypertension
%D 2013
%R 10.5402/2013/581651
%X Although the dietary approaches for stop hypertension (DASH) is well established and effective in reduction of blood pressure, in recent years, new scientific studies have indicated that specific food, nutrients isolated from foods, and even commercial food supplements are not covered by DASH. In this research, these nutrients were evaluated through a review using the databases of PubMed with the terms ¡°dietary supplements and blood pressure¡± without a limit of date. Vitamins (C, D, and E) and minerals (potassium and copper) promote the greatest reductions in BP, around 7 to 14£¿mmHg for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 4 to 5£¿mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (PAD). Antioxidants reduce SBP and DBP in 3 to 27£¿mmHg and 3 to 4£¿mmHg, respectively. Among the amino acids, only L-arginine was effective in promoting reduction of 20 and 15£¿mmHg for SBP and DBP, respectively. In food, the grape juice promoted the highest reductions in SBP and DBP, around 8£¿mmHg and 6£¿mmHg, respectively. Finally, for commercial supplements, the fermented milk product GAIOR, the grain salba, and fish oil promoted reductions of about 4,4; 6; and 5£¿mmHg and 3,4; 3; and 1£¿mmHg for SBP and DBP, respectively. Therefore, new nutrients, foods, and supplements can enrich the recommendations of the DASH. 1. Introduction The degenerative diseases are the most prevalent in the world today, representing one of the greatest public health problems in the actuality [1]. According to estimates of the World Health Organization [2], these diseases are responsible for about 60% of all deaths worldwide, and 46% of the global burden of diseases affecting the population. Among them predominate obesity (12% of world population) [2], diabetes (10% of world population) [3], and dyslipidemia (7.9% of deaths worldwide) [2]. The main cause of these comorbidities have been the stress, sedentary lifestyle and eating habits. All of these diseases are potentially able to promote increased blood pressure. While the fatty produced substances such as angiotensinogen and proinflammatory contribute to elevate blood pressure [4]; hyperlipidemia results in excessive oxidation of low density lipoproteins with subsequent atherosclerotic process [5]. The state of diabetes promotes strong oxidative stress that contributes unequivocally to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and vasoconstriction which increases blood pressure [6]. Therefore, these three states of morbidity are among the risk factors of hypertension that are, among all chronic diseases, the most prevalent, affecting about 30% of the world population [2],
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.hypertension/2013/581651/