%0 Journal Article
%T Removal of Methyl Violet 2B from Aqueous Solution Using Casuarina equisetifolia Needle
%A Muhammad Khairud Dahri
%A Muhammad Raziq Rahimi Kooh
%A Linda B. L. Lim
%J ISRN Environmental Chemistry
%D 2013
%R 10.1155/2013/619819
%X One of the major contaminants of water bodies is dye pollutants that come from textile, paper, and leather industries. In this study, Casuarina equisetifolia needle (CEN) is used to remove methyl violet 2B (MV) from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were done to investigate the contact time, effect of pH, initial dye concentrations, and temperature. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to describe the interaction between the adsorbate and adsorbent. The sorption mechanism was described using Lagergren 1st order, pseudo 2nd order, and Weber-Morris intraparticle diffusion models. FTIR spectroscopy was used to analyze the functional groups of CEN before and after sorption with MV. Optimal conditions were found to be at room temperature with 2£¿h contact time and no pH adjustment was needed. Experimental data was best fitted onto Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacity of 164.99£¿mg/g, while pseudo 2nd order best described the experimental data for the kinetics study. Thermodynamic parameters such as change in Gibbs free energy ( ), enthalpy ( ), and entropy ( ) were also investigated. 1. Introduction Synthetic dyes are inexpensive and widely used in textile industry, food, and cosmetics as well as dyeing plastic, rubber, leather, and paper materials [1, 2]. Discharging industrial wastewater containing such dyes to aquatic environment can contaminate surface water bodies and groundwater. This can result in serious damage to the aquatic flora and fauna as dyes may be toxic and mutagenic [3, 4]. Damages can be extended to the soil through leachant and irrigated water. Common methods used by the industry to treat the wastewater include adsorption, filtration, reverse osmosis, photodegradation, biodegradation, ion-exchange method, coagulation, and chemical treatments by reduction, oxidation, and neutralization [2, 5, 6]. Biosorption is a preferred method due to the usage of low-cost materials, low energy usage, and high efficiency [2]. Material that can be regenerated and reused is considered as an added advantage. In biosorption process, dye molecule is adsorbed onto the biomass through physical or chemical adsorption and thus avoids the formation of degraded dye products which may be more harmful than the dye itself. Biosorption via ¡°renewable biomass¡± is a key advantage over nonrenewable adsorbents such as clay, peat, zeolite, lignite, and some forms of activated carbons [7]. Methyl violet 2B (MV), is a basic dye, with high brilliant and intensity and is highly used in the industry. Molecular structure of MV is shown in Figure 1.
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.environmental.chemistry/2013/619819/