%0 Journal Article
%T Anolunula in Fingernails among Patients Infected with HIV
%A Pratik Gahalaut
%A Nitin Mishra
%A Sandhya Chauhan
%A Mir Mubashir Ali
%A Madhur Kant Rastogi
%A Richa Thakur
%J ISRN Dermatology
%D 2014
%R 10.1155/2014/271230
%X Lunula is the white, half-moon shaped area seen in proximal ends of some nails. Though a few studies have described the nail changes that can occur in association with HIV infection, none of these paid much attention to lunula. Aims and Objectives. To study the lunula in fingernails among HIV infected patients. Materials and Methods. An observational, cross-sectional study to record presence of lunula in 168 HIV-positive patients and compare it with age and sex matched 168 healthy HIV-negative control. Anolunula (absence of lunula) in HIV-positive patients was correlated with CD4 counts, stages of HIV infection, time since patient was diagnosed as HIV-positive, and status of antiretroviral therapy. Results. Anolunula was present in significantly more fingernails in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative controls. There was a highly significant difference for total anolunula (anolunula in all fingernails) in study and control group. Incidence of total anolunula was directly proportional to the stage of HIV infection, increasing progressively as the HIV infection advances from stage 1 to stage 4. Conclusion. Absence of lunula is related to not only HIV infection per se but also the stages of HIV infection. 1. Introduction Lunula is the white, half-moon shaped area seen in proximal ends of some nails [1]. It is the distal part of matrix, which extends beyond the edge of the proximal nail fold [2]. The primary function of the lunula is to define the nail plate¡¯s shape [3]. Alterations in morphological features or colour of lunula can be an indication of either a cutaneous or a systemic disorder [4]. Microlunula (diminished size of lunula) and anolunula (absence of lunula) have been described in association with several disorders, listed elsewhere, which include infections like leprosy and HIV [5]. Though a few studies have described the nail changes that can occur in association with HIV infection, none of these paid much attention to lunula [6¨C8]. Rare case reports of yellow nail syndromes have been cited in the literature for anolunula in HIV infection [9]. Hence, this study was planned to study the association of lunula with HIV infection. 2. Aims and Objectives (1)To study the absence of lunula (anolunula) in fingernails among patients infected with HIV,(2)to evaluate the specificity of this finding by comparing it with age and sex matched HIV-negative control subjects,(3)to correlate anolunula (absence of lunula) with different parameters in fingernails of HIV-positive patients. 3. Materials and Methods 3.1. Design of the Study This study is an
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.dermatology/2014/271230/