%0 Journal Article
%T Profile, Bacteriology, and Risk Factors for Foot Ulcers among Diabetics in a Tertiary Hospital in Calabar, Nigeria
%A Akaninyene Asuquo Otu
%A Victor Aniedi Umoh
%A Okon Ekwere Essien
%A Ofem Egbe Enang
%A Henry Ohem Okpa
%A Patrick Ntui Mbu
%J Ulcers
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/820468
%X Diabetic foot disease is a major medical, social, and economic problem. This retrospective study assessed the profile of diabetes mellitus patients with foot ulcers in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Nigeria. Admission records of all patients admitted unto the medical wards of UCTH over a 5 year period were analysed. The records of diabetic patients were retrieved. Data on patient characteristics and possible risk factors for diabetes mellitus foot ulcers was extracted. Of the 3,882 patients admitted, 297 (7%) were on account of complications of diabetes mellitus. Foot ulcers accounted for 63 (21.2%) of all diabetic admissions. The elderly constituted the majority of patients admitted with foot ulcers. The average duration of stay of diabetics with foot ulcers was 38.5 days. Diabetics admitted for other conditions had average duration of admission of 15.8 days. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest organism isolated from swabs of foot ulcers. Most of the organisms identified from ulcer swab cultures were sensitive to quinolones and resistant to penicillins. These diabetic foot ulcers were significantly associated with peripheral sensory neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, intermittent claudication, and walking barefoot. An effective diabetes foot programme is required to address these risk factors and reverse the current trend. 1. Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a very common endocrine disorder with major public health consequences arising from severe damage to numerous end organs [1]. DM affects all populations worldwide and the prevalence of this disease is increasing at a very alarming rate [2, 3]. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) currently estimates that about 366 million persons in the world have DM, with projections that this will increase to 552 million by 2030 [4]. The IDF estimated that there were 12.1 million people living with diabetes in Africa in 2010 with a projected rise to 23.9 million by 2030 [5]. In Nigeria, DM remains the most common chronic endocrine-metabolic disorder similar to what is found in other parts of the world [6, 7]. As the incidence of DM is rising dramatically worldwide, so is the incidence of diabetic foot disease [8]. Diabetic foot disease is a major medical, social, and economic problem, that is, seen in every continent and constitutes a major burden to the patient and the health care system [8]. The lifetime risk of a person with diabetes developing diabetes mellitus foot ulcers (DMFU) is reported to be as high as 25% [9]. In Nigeria, around 10% of people with
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ulcers/2013/820468/