%0 Journal Article
%T Reliability of Calf Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy and Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging-Acquired Skeletal Muscle Hydration Measures in Healthy People
%A Anuradha Sawant
%A Andrew A. House
%A Bert M. Chesworth
%A Joseph Gati
%A Robert Lindsay
%A Denise M. Connelly
%A Robert Bartha
%A Tom J. Overend
%J Physiology Journal
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/563494
%X Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability, relative variability, and agreement between calf bioelectrical impedance-spectroscopy (cBIS) acquired extracellular fluid (ECF), intracellular fluid (ICF), total water and the ratio of ECF£¿:£¿ICF, magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) acquired transverse relaxation times ( ), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of calf muscles of the same segment in healthy individuals. Methods. Muscle hydration measures were collected in 32 healthy individuals on two occasions and analyzed by a single rater. On both occasions, MRI measures were collected from tibialis anterior (TA), medial (MG), and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and soleus muscles following the cBIS data acquired using XiTRON Hydra 4200 BIS device. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,1), coefficient of variation (CV), and agreement between MRI and cBIS data were also calculated. Results. ICC2,1 values for cBIS, , and ADC ranged from 0.56 to 0.92, 0.96 to 0.99, and 0.05 to 0.56, respectively. Relative variability between measures (CV) ranged from 14.6 to 25.6% for the cBIS data and 4.2 to 10.0% for the MRI-acquired data. The ratio of ECF£¿:£¿ICF could significantly predict of TA and soleus muscles. Conclusion. MRI-acquired measures of had the highest test-retest reliability of muscle hydration with the least error and variation on repeated testing. Hence, of a muscle is the most reliable and stable outcome measure for evaluating individual muscle hydration. 1. Introduction Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem with adverse outcomes of kidney failure and cardiovascular disease [1]. In its end stages, management of kidney disease requires renal replacement therapies such as hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis, or kidney transplant. Hemodialysis is considered to have more pronounced deleterious effects on skeletal muscle than peritoneal dialysis [2]. The consequences of HD on physical function and quality of life have been well documented [3]. In order to offset such effects, exercise interventions have been strongly recommended to improve muscle function and reduce the risk of falls [4]. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses of exercise training in participants diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing HD support the use of resisted and/or aerobic exercise to promote limb muscle strengthening [5]. These benefits were small and inconsistent with only one in nine persons receiving the benefits of exercise interventions [6]. Extra body water accruing during the interdialytic
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/physiology/2013/563494/