%0 Journal Article
%T Variation in Functional Independence among Stroke Survivors Having Fatigue and Depression
%A Umaru Muhammad Badaru
%A Omoyemi Olubunmi Ogwumike
%A Ade Fatai Adeniyi
%A Olajide Olubanji Olowe
%J Neurology Research International
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/842980
%X Objective. This study evaluated variation in functional independence in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among individuals with poststroke fatigue (PSF) and poststroke depression (PSD). Methods. A cross-sectional survey involved 65 consenting poststroke survivors who were purposively recruited from physiotherapy clinics of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ibadan, and Federal Medical Center, Gusau. Participants were assessed for symptoms of PSD with short geriatric depression scale-15, PSF with fatigue severity scale, ADL with Barthel Index and IADL with Nottingham extended ADL scale. Data analysis was done using Chi-square and unpaired -test with significance level being 0.05. Results. Participants¡¯ age ranged from 58 to 80 years. PSD alone ( ) and both PSF and PSD ( ) were significantly associated with ADL, while PSF alone was not ( ). PSD alone ( ) and both PSF and PSD ( ) significantly negatively affected IADL, while PSF alone had no significant effect ( ). Conclusions. Participants with PSD alone and those with both PSF and PSD had lower functional independence in ADL and IADL. 1. Introduction In rehabilitation, assessment of functional independence is used to identify disabilities in activities of daily living (ADL). ADL is considered a primary functional status measure in stroke rehabilitation because of their relative objectivity, simplicity, and relevance to patients [1]. ADL include feeding, grooming, dressing, bathing, toileting, and transfers, while instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) comprise mobility, hand function, and social participation [2]. Stroke imposes serious restrictions on the ability to activate, use, and restore physiologic and psychosocial resources, thus promoting imbalance that results in subjective fatigue [3]. Fatigue has a debilitating influence on ADL [4, 5] and is independently associated with health related quality of life. Poststroke fatigue can be defined as a subjective experience and includes such symptoms as rapid inanition, persisting lack of energy, exhaustion, physical and mental tiredness, and apathy [6]. Poststroke fatigue has been attributed to functional impairment after stroke, and its recognition and treatment are important for maximizing recovery [7]. Depression after stroke is common and the effect of poststroke fatigue and depression on functional recovery after stroke has been documented in the literature. Depressed stroke patients have been found to be 30% less likely than nondepressed patients
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/nri/2013/842980/