%0 Journal Article
%T Impact of the Air-Conditioning System on the Power Consumption of an Electric Vehicle Powered by Lithium-Ion Battery
%A Brahim Mebarki
%A Belkacem Draoui
%A Boumedi¨¨ne Allaou
%A Lakhdar Rahmani
%A Elhadj Benachour
%J Modelling and Simulation in Engineering
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/935784
%X The car occupies the daily universe of our society; however, noise pollution, global warming gas emissions, and increased fuel consumption are constantly increasing. The electric vehicle is one of the recommended solutions by the raison of its zero emission. Heating and air-conditioning (HVAC) system is a part of the power system of the vehicle when the purpose is to provide complete thermal comfort for its occupants, however it requires far more energy than any other car accessory. Electric vehicles have a low-energy storage capacity, and HVAC may consume a substantial amount of the total energy stored, considerably reducing the vehicle range, which is one of the most important parameters for EV acceptability. The basic goal of this paper is to simulate the air-conditioning system impact on the power energy source of an electric vehicle powered by a lithium-ion battery. 1. Introduction The energy production throughout the world is mainly based on the hydrocarbons combustion, and it is envisaged to increase by 60% during the 20 next years [1, 2]. Since 1973, transport is the most intensive oil sector; its share in worldwide consumption increased considerably to reach more than 61.5% in 2010, whereas shares of industry and other sectors (agriculture, public and commercial services, not specified residences, and other sectors), respectively, decreased by 10.9% and of 10.7%. Indeed, the high and increasing share of transport in the oil worldwide consumption can be mainly explained by the number of the cars which more than doubled since 1973 [3]. Unfortunately, hydrocarbon combustion has a major impact on the global environment because it is responsible for 80% of the greenhouse gas emissions, which are the principal cause of climate warming and air pollution [2], not to mention adverse consequences in terms of noise and land use, in terms of risk, or in terms of social harm (accidents, congestion). To overcome these problems, the governments and automobile manufacturers are obliged to develop a new generation of vehicles based on environmentally-friendly technologies of energy utilization [4, 5]. Most of the commercial zero emission vehicles (ZEV) available today are pure electric vehicles (EV) powered with batteries. A battery electric vehicle (BEV) is fully powered by grid electricity stored in a large onboard battery. EV use energy much more efficiently than ICEV; a traditional ICEV fuel efficiency is 15¨C18%, while a BEV represents a high efficiency about 60¨C70% [6, 7]. The viable EV batteries are chemical batteries and ultra-capacitors or
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/mse/2013/935784/