%0 Journal Article
%T Iron (III) Ion Sensor Based on the Seedless Grown ZnO Nanorods in 3 Dimensions Using Nickel Foam Substrate
%A Mazhar Ali Abbasi
%A Zafar Hussain Ibupoto
%A Yaqoob Khan
%A Azam Khan
%A Omer Nur
%A Magnus Willander
%J Journal of Sensors
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/382726
%X In the present work, the seedless, highly aligned and vertical ZnO nanorods in 3 dimensions (3D) were grown on the nickel foam substrate. The seedless grown ZnO nanorods were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The characterised seedless ZnO nanorods in 3D on nickel foam were highly dense, perpendicular to substrate, grown along the (002) crystal plane, and also composed of single crystal. In addition to this, these seedless ZnO nanorods were functionalized with trans-dinitro-dibenzo-18-6 crown ether, a selective iron (III) ion ionophore, along with other components of membrane composition such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), 2-nitopentylphenyl ether as plasticizer (NPPE), and tetrabutyl ammonium tetraphenylborate (TBATPB) as conductivity increaser. The sensor electrode has shown high linearity with a wide range of detection of iron (III) ion concentrations from 0.005£¿mM to 100£¿mM. The low limit of detection of the proposed ion selective electrode was found to be 0.001£¿mM. The proposed sensor also described high storage stability, selectivity, reproducibility, and repeatability and a quick response time of less than 10£¿s. 1. Introduction Iron has remained important for the different biosystems such as haemoglobin, myoglobin, and hem enzymes and also plays role as cofactor in enzyme activities as well as in oxygen transport and electron transport. It has also harmful effects on the various biological systems either in form of being alone or combined state. Due to deficiency of iron anaemia is usually diagnosed, and excess of iron can also be a cause of many health problems. Diseases like cancer, heart problems, and other illnesses such as hemochromatosis are also linked to high level of iron in the body [1¨C3]. The presence of trace quantity of iron in different substances may result in decay. Several techniques have been used for the detection of iron ion from clinical, medicinal, environmental, and different industrial samples [4¨C7]. Therefore, it is highly demanded to develop new simple, cheap, fast, and sensitive analytical device for the detection of iron from pharmaceuticals, soil and biological samples. The methods used for the detection of iron are spectrophotometric based on bathophenanthroline, 1, 10-phenanthroline, TPTZ, and ferrozine chemical agents [8¨C14]. There were few sensors used for the sensing of iron [8, 9] based on the direct potentiometric technique, and it has more advantages than the previously described
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/js/2013/382726/