%0 Journal Article
%T Talon Cusp: A Prevalence Study of Its Types in Permanent Dentition and Report of a Rare Case of Its Association with Fusion in Mandibular Incisor
%A Gaurav Sharma
%A Archna Nagpal
%J Journal of Oral Diseases
%D 2014
%R 10.1155/2014/595189
%X Purpose. The data on various types of talon cusp, a rare developmental anomaly that occurs predominantly on palatal surfaces of maxillary incisors with varied prevalence in different populations, is scarce. Thus, the purpose of study was to evaluate prevalence of various types of talon cusp and its association with sex predilection, site, and other dental anomalies and complications. Subjects and Methods. A cross-sectional prevalence study for various types of talon cusp was conducted in 5200 patients selected randomly. Hattab¡¯s classification criterion was used for diagnosis of types of talon cusp. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed with radiograph. Results. The prevalence of talon cusp was found to be 0.02% (1 in 430 cases). 12 cases of talon cusp in 10 patients (60% males) were documented (2 bilateral cases and 8 unilateral). Type I talon cusp and type II talon cusp were present in five cases each (40.1%) and type III talon cusp was observed in two (16.2%) cases. Conclusion. Type I talon cusp and type II talon cusp were the most common types and permanent maxillary central incisor was the most commonly involved tooth (50%). An extremely rare case of talon cusp on a fused permanent mandibular incisor is also reported. 1. Introduction Talon cusp, first described by Mitchell in 1892, is a debatable and an interesting developmental anomaly [1]. It is a rare dental anomaly with a well-defined morphologically altered cusp-like structure projecting from the cingulum area of the anterior teeth. This anomalous structure may also arise from cementoenamel junction (CEJ) extending towards the incisal edge of the teeth. It is composed of normal enamel and dentin, has varying extensions of pulp tissue, or maybe devoid of pulp tissue. The etiology of the talon cusp is still unknown [1]. The prevalence rate of talon cusp varies from 0.04% to 10% in the English literature [2]. The permanent dentition is affected more frequently than primary dentition and there is a slight male predilection. The talon cusp has been most frequently documented in permanent maxillary lateral incisors followed by permanent maxillary central incisors and canines. The occurrence of talon cusp on mandibular teeth has been found to be extremely rare [3]. Hattab et al. classified talon cusp into three types according to degree of the cusp formation and extension [4]. Type 1 (talon) is a morphologically well-delineated additional cusp that projects from the palatal surface to at least half the distance between CEJ and incisal edge. Type 2 (semitalon) refers to an additional cusp (¡Ü1£¿mm) that
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