%0 Journal Article
%T Primary and Secondary Organic Marine Aerosol and Oceanic Biological Activity: Recent Results and New Perspectives for Future Studies
%A Matteo Rinaldi
%A Stefano Decesari
%A Emanuela Finessi
%A Lara Giulianelli
%A Claudio Carbone
%A Sandro Fuzzi
%A Colin D. O'Dowd
%A Darius Ceburnis
%A Maria Cristina Facchini
%J Advances in Meteorology
%D 2010
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2010/310682
%X One of the most important natural aerosol systems at the global level is marine aerosol that comprises both organic and inorganic components of primary and secondary origin. The present paper reviews some new results on primary and secondary organic marine aerosol, achieved during the EU project MAP (Marine Aerosol Production), comparing them with those reported in the recent literature. Marine aerosol samples collected at the coastal site of Mace Head, Ireland, show a chemical composition trend that is influenced by the oceanic biological activity cycle, in agreement with other observations. Laboratory experiments show that sea-spray aerosol from biologically active sea water can be highly enriched in organics, and the authors highlight the need for further studies on the atmospheric fate of such primary organics. With regard to the secondary fraction of organic aerosol, the average chemical composition and molecular tracer (methanesulfonic-acid, amines) distribution could be successfully characterized by adopting a multitechnique analytical approach. 1. Introduction The literature contains a great deal of evidence that large sectors of the marine atmosphere are influenced by continental outflows (natural or anthropogenic) and by ship exhaust emissions [1, 2]. However, the ocean is an important source of fine particles, and in background marine regions aerosol populations are dominated by natural marine particles [3, 4]. Given the ocean¡¯s extension, marine aerosol constitutes one of the most important natural aerosol systems at the global level. It contributes significantly to the Earth¡¯s radiative budget, biogeochemical cycling, with impacts on ecosystems and also on regional air quality [5]. The knowledge of particle chemical composition, as a function of size, is necessary for understanding and predicting the marine aerosol properties relevant to climate, for example, their ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and to influence the cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) over background ocean regions. In recent years, particular interest has focused on the marine aerosol organic fraction, its biogenic origin and the possible sources and mechanisms responsible for the high concentrations of organics observed in the submicron size fraction [6¨C8]. Figure 1 summarizes schematically the main potential formation pathways of organic aerosol in the marine boundary layer (MBL). Marine aerosol can derive both from primary or secondary processes. Primary aerosol production derives from the interaction of wind with the ocean surface and results in
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/amete/2010/310682/