%0 Journal Article
%T Exendin-4 Ameliorates Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats
%A Katharine Eakin
%A Yazhou Li
%A Yung-Hsiao Chiang
%A Barry J. Hoffer
%A Hilary Rosenheim
%A Nigel H. Greig
%A Jonathan P. Miller
%J PLOS ONE
%D 2013
%I Public Library of Science (PLoS)
%R 10.1371/journal.pone.0082016
%X Traumatic brain injury represents a major public health issue that affects 1.7 million Americans each year and is a primary contributing factor (30.5%) of all injury-related deaths in the United States. The occurrence of traumatic brain injury is likely underestimated and thus has been termed ”°a silent epidemic”±. Exendin-4 is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus that not only effectively induces glucose-dependent insulin secretion to regulate blood glucose levels but also reduces apoptotic cell death of pancreatic ¦Ā-cells. Accumulating evidence also supports a neurotrophic and neuroprotective role of glucagon-like peptide-1 in an array of cellular and animal neurodegeneration models. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective effects of Exendin-4 using a glutamate toxicity model in vitro and fluid percussion injury in vivo. We found neuroprotective effects of Exendin-4 both in vitro, using markers of cell death, and in vivo, using markers of cognitive function, as assessed by Morris Water Maze. In combination with the reported benefits of ex-4 in other TBI models, these data support repositioning of Exendin-4 as a potential treatment for traumatic brain injury.
%U http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0082016