%0 Journal Article
%T Ropinirole Implants Reverse MPTP-Induced Parkinsonism in Rhesus Monkeys
%A Steven J. Siegel
%A Lauren Nagy
%A Torben Skarsfeldt
%A Mark Pierce
%A Carol O¡¯ Neill
%A Robert Lin
%A Lori Langhamer
%A Jeffery H. Kordower
%J Pharmacology & Pharmacy
%P 1-8
%@ 2157-9431
%D 2013
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/pp.2013.43A001
%X <p class=\"MsoNormal\">
	<span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Purpose:</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\"> We compared efficacy and side effects of
ropinirole implants with oral ropinirole in parkinsonian monkeys.</span> <span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Methods:</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\"> Twenty monkeys received
injections of </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-hydrochloride (MPTP) to render them parkinsonian. Monkeys were then placed into 3 groups based upon
clinical rating scores (CRS). Group 1 received oral ropinirole and placebo
implants. Group 2 receivedropinirole implants that released 1/9th of the
animals¡¯ optimal daily oral dose and oral placebo. Group 3 received placebo implants
and oral placebo. Monkeys were assessed for pharmacokinetic data, CRS, Global
Dyskinesia Rating Scale, and skin irritation.</span> <span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Re</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">sults:</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\"> For the ropinirole implant group, the activity pattern was similar to
that seen pre-MPTP; which extended through the weekends and was greater than
control treated parkinsonian monkeys. Oral ropinirole yielded a high degree of
variability for activity, with values following oral dosing being higher than the pre-MPTP periodbut levels similar to placebo
treated parkinsonian animals during weekends,
which were excluded from oral dosing. Implants
and oral treatment achieved significant improvement in CRS between 11 - 60 days and 4 - 60 days respectively. </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Conclusion:</span> <span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Low dose ropinirole implants have the potential
to provide continuous clinical improvement in bradykinesia with fewer ¡°off
periods¡± and lower risk for medication-induced
psychosis than oral medication.</span><o:p></o:p>
</p>
%K Ropinirole
%K Implant
%K Parkinson¡¯s Disease
%K MPTP
%K Pharmacokinetic
%K Dyskinesia
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=33495