%0 Journal Article
%T Phosphate and Nitrate Release from Mucky Mineral Soils
%A Micha£¿l A. Leblanc
%A L¨¦on E. Parent
%A Gilles Gagn¨¦
%J Open Journal of Soil Science
%P 107-114
%@ 2162-5379
%D 2013
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/ojss.2013.32012
%X <p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;\">
	<span lang=\"EN-US\">High-organic (mucky) mineral soils
make a small proportion of the Canadian agricultural land but are highly
productive, especially for organic farming. Although these high-quality soils
may release large amounts of nitrate and phosphate to the environment,
there is yet no reliable agro-environmental indicator for managing N and P
compared to the adjacent mineral and organic soils. Our objective was to
quantify the N mineralization and P environmental risks of mucky mineral soils.
Nine Canadian soil series (eight Orthic Humic Gleysols and one Terric Humisol
with three variants) were analyzed for texture, pH(CaCl<sub>2</sub>), total C
and N, oxalate and Mehlich-III (M-III) extractable P, Al and Fe, </span><span lang=\"EN-US\">and </span><span lang=\"EN-US\">water extractable P (P<sub>w</sub>).
Soil texture varied from loamy sand to heavy clay, organic carbon (OC) content
ranged from 14 to <st1:chmetcnv unitname=\"g\" sourcevalue=\"392\" hasspace=\"True\" negative=\"False\" numbertype=\"1\" tcsc=\"0\" w:st=\"on\">392 g</st1:chmetcnv>¡¤OC¡¤kg<sup>-1</sup>, total N from 1.21 to
<st1:chmetcnv unitname=\"g\" sourcevalue=\"16.38\" hasspace=\"True\" negative=\"False\" numbertype=\"1\" tcsc=\"0\" w:st=\"on\">16.38 g</st1:chmetcnv>¡¤N¡¤kg<sup>-1</sup>, and
degree of P saturation (DPS<sub>M-III</sub>) as molar (P/[Al</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"> </span><span lang=\"EN-US\">+</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"> </span><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">¦Ã</span></i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Fe])<sub>M-III</sub> percentage between 0.3% and 11.3%. After 100 d of incubation, soils released 31
to 340 mg¡¤N¡¤kg<sup>-1</sup>. The N mineralization rate was closely correlated
to organic matter content (r = 0.91, p &lt; 0.01). <st1:city w:st=\"on\"><st1:place w:st=\"on\">Sandy</st1:place></st1:city> to loamy soils released 1.2</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"> </span><span lang=\"EN-US\">-</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"> </span><st1:chmetcnv unitname=\"kg\" sourcevalue=\"1.8\" hasspace=\"True\" negative=\"False\" numbertype=\"1\" tcsc=\"0\" w:st=\"on\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">1.8 kg</span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang=\"EN-US\">¡¤N¡¤ha<sup>-1</sup>¡¤d<sup>-1</sup> compared to 1.6</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"> </span><span lang=\"EN-US\">-</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"> </span><st1:chmetcnv unitname=\"kg\" sourcevalue=\"2.4\" hasspace=\"True\" negative=\"False\" numbertype=\"1\" tcsc=\"0\" w:st=\"on\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">2.4 kg</span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang=\"EN-US\">¡¤N¡¤ha<sup>-1</sup>¡¤d<sup>-1</sup> for
clayey soils, 2.0</span><span lang=\"EN-US\">
%K Degree of Phosphate Saturation
%K Gleysol
%K Humisol
%K Organic Nitrogen Mineralization
%K Zero-Order Kinetics
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=32586