%0 Journal Article
%T The Impact of Textual Input Enhancement and Explicit Rule Presentation on Iranian Elementary EFL Learners¡¯ Intake of Simple Past Tense
%A Naemeh Nahavandi
%A Jayakaran Mukundan
%J English Language Teaching
%D 2013
%I 
%R 10.5539/elt.v6n1p92
%X The present study investigated the impact of textual input enhancement and explicit rule presentation on 93 Iranian EFL learners¡¯ intake of simple past tense. Three intact general English classes in Tabriz Azad University were randomly assigned to: 1) a control group; 2) a TIE group; and 3) a TIE plus explicit rule presentation group. All participants were given 3 reading texts and comprehension questions to complete. For participants in groups 2 and 3 the input was textually enhanced through bolding. Participants in group 3 in addition had explicit rule presentation of simple past tense. Intake of simple past tense was measured through performance on a Multiple-Choice Recognition Tests. The results showed that there was a significant difference among pretest, first posttest and delayed posttest. Posttest 1 was significantly higher than posttest 2. Furthermore, TE+ rule presentation group significantly outperformed the control group in both posttest1 and posttest 2. The study concluded with some pedagogical implications.
%U http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/elt/article/view/23047