%0 Journal Article
%T Math and Calculation ¨C A Test for Diagnosing Concepts at Pre-school Age ¨C An Example of a Level-oriented Approach
%A Gabi Ricken
%A Annemarie Fritz
%A Lars Balzer
%J Empirische Sonderp£żdagogik
%D 2011
%I Pabst Science Publishers
%X Process-oriented diagnostics require a theoretical framework which allows to describe and interpret individual competence changes. For MARKO-test, a corresponding dimension/scale of mathematical achievement in preschool age was developed on the basis of theoretical assumptions and empirical data. Five essential concepts are: numbers as counting sequence, ordinal number line, cardinal understanding, part ¨C part ¨C whole and concept of congruent intervals. There is empirical evidence for the validity of the model, using a unidimensional Rasch model. Therefore, a concept of testing is available which on the one hand allows to compare individual data with a social norm and on the other hand is usable to make valid statements about individual changes and the current development status of a child.
%K mathematical concepts
%K process-oriented diagnostics
%K specific learning disabilities
%K dyscalculia
%K competencies
%K developmental model
%U http://www.psychologie-aktuell.com/fileadmin/download/esp/3-2011_20111130/ricken.pdf