%0 Journal Article %T The Rechenfische¡° Test ¨C Appliance, Reliability and Validity of an Instrument to Measure Math Proficiency of First Graders %A Eva Knopp %A Bodo Hartke %J Empirische Sonderp£¿dagogik %D 2010 %I Pabst Science Publishers %X There is a strong need for instruments which make it possible to evaluate students¡¯ learning progress in a formative way and also in a way that can be accomplished in primary school settings (Klauer, 2006; Diehl & Hartke, 2007; Strathmann & Klauer, 2008; Walter, 2008; Diehl, Hartke & Knopp, 2009; Koch & Knopp, 2010). Instruments meeting these criteria can be considered as one crucial element of effectively preventing learning difficulties. In this article, the test ¡°Rechenfische¡° is discussed as one possibility for evaluating the learning progress in a formative way. It tests students¡¯ knowledge in first-year arithmetic. First the test itself and the design of a study (N=1688) used to implement this test for the first time are described and, afterwards, findings are reported and discussed. %K document progress in learning %K first-year mathematics instruction %K learning arithmetics %K diagnosis of learning difficulties %K formative evaluation %U http://www.psychologie-aktuell.com/fileadmin/download/esp/3-2010/knopp-20101201.pdf