%0 Journal Article
%T Liberty vindicated against slavery (1646). Un ¨¦crit de prison contre la prison attribu¨¦ ¨¤ John Lilburne
%A Jean-Pierre Cavaill¨¦
%J Les Dossiers du Grihl
%D 2011
%I Groupe de Recherches Interdisciplinaires sur l'Histoire du Litt¨¦raire - CRH
%R 10.4000/dossiersgrihl.4884
%X ¨¤ travers l¡¯¨¦tude contextuelle de l¡¯un des pamphlets de John Lilburne, Liberty vindicated, le leader sans doute le plus charismatique de ceux que l¡¯on a appel¨¦ les Levellers, nous nous int¨¦ressons ¨¤ ce que l¡¯on peut appeler l¡¯invention de l¡¯¨¦crit de prison proprement politique. Le prisonnier n¡¯y d¨¦nonce pas seulement l¡¯iniquit¨¦ de sa propre incarc¨¦ration, mais met en accusation le syst¨¨me judiciaire et politique qui l¡¯a conduit derri¨¨re les barreaux pour son activisme politique. Cette d¨¦nonciation s¡¯appuie essentiellement sur le socle juridique qui prot¨¨ge les citoyens   libres  , tel qu¡¯il est possible de le d¨¦gager de la Magna Carta et de la longue jurisprudence de la Common Law. Cette base strictement l¨¦gale permet ¨¤ Lilburne de d¨¦noncer toute forme de d¨¦tention arbitraire ou abusive (tribunaux d¡¯exception, prison pour dettes, etc.), mais aussi les conditions de d¨¦tention auxquelles sont soumis les prisonniers. Elle lui permet enfin de pousser jusqu¡¯¨¤ remettre en cause la prison p¨¦nale elle-m¨ºme et m¨ºme, au nom du droit fondamental des citoyens ¨¤ la libert¨¦, toute forme d¡¯incarc¨¦ration prolong¨¦e, c¡¯est-¨¤-dire, fonci¨¨rement, l¡¯institution carc¨¦rale elle-m¨ºme. Through the contextual study of one of the pamphlets, Liberty vindicated, due to John Lilburne, the most charismatic leader of the so-called Levellers, we are interested in what we may call the invention of the prison¡¯s political writing. The prisoner not only denounces the iniquity of his own imprisonment, but the juridical and political system that led him in jail for his political activism. This denunciation is based primarily on the legal basis which protects ¡°free¡± citizens, which one can drawn from the Magna Carta and the common law jurisprudence. This strictly legal basis allows Lilburne to denounce all forms of arbitrary and abusive detention (special courts, imprisonment for debt, etc.), but also the bad conditions of detention of the prisoners. Finally he comes to the point to challenge the penal prison itself, and even, on behalf of citizens' fundamental right to freedom, any form of prolonged imprisonment, that is, fundamentally, the institution of imprisonment itself.
%K politics
%K Lilburne (John)
%K Walwyn (Richard)
%K Overton (Richard)
%K Coke (Edward)
%K Levellers
%K penal prison
%K special courts
%K imprisonment for debt
%K Magna Carta
%K Common Law
%K law
%K liberty
%K freedom
%K citizenship
%K politique
%K Lilburne (John)
%K Walwyn (Richard)
%K Overton (Richard)
%K Coke (Edward)
%K Levellers
%K prison p¨¦nale
%K prison pour dettes
%K juridictions d¡¯exception
%K Magna Carta
%K Common Law
%K droit
%K libert¨¦
%K citoyennet¨¦
%U http://dossiersgrihl.revues.org/4884