%0 Journal Article
%T Increased PAI-1 plasma levels and risk of death from dengue: no association with the 4G/5G promoter polymorphism
%A ATA Mairuhu
%A TE Setiati
%A P Koraka
%A CE Hack
%A A Leyte
%A SMH Faradz
%A H ten Cate
%A DPM Brandjes
%A ADME Osterhaus
%A PH Reitsma
%A ECM van Gorp
%J Thrombosis Journal
%D 2005
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1477-9560-3-17
%X A total of 194 patients admitted to the Dr. Kariadi Hospital in Semarang, Indonesia, with clinical suspected severe dengue virus infection were enrolled. Blood samples were obtained on day of admission, days 1, 2 and 7 after admission and at a 1-month follow-up visit. Plasma concentrations of PAI-1 were measured using a sandwich ELISA kit. The PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism was typed by allele-specific PCR analysis.Concentrations of PAI-1 on admission and peak values of PAI-1 during admission were higher than the values measured in healthy controls. Survival was significantly worse in patients with PAI-1 concentrations in the highest tertile (at admission: OR 4.7 [95% CI 0.9¨C23.8], peak value during admission: OR 6.3 [95%CI 1.3¨C30.8]). No association was found between the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism, and PAI-1 plasma concentrations, dengue disease severity and mortality from dengue.These data suggest that the 4G/5G polymorphism has no significant influence on PAI-1 concentrations in dengue virus infected patients and is not associated with the risk of death from dengue. Other factors contributing to the variability of PAI-1 plasma concentrations in patients with dengue need to be explored.Dengue is the most prevalent viral disease transmitted by arthropod vectors worldwide [1]. An estimated 50¨C100 million cases of dengue fever and 500.000 cases of dengue haemorrhagic fever resulting in around 24.000 deaths occur annually depending on epidemic activity [1,2]. At present, almost 30% of the world population is at risk for dengue virus infection and it is expected that this number will increase substantially as transmission spreads to other yet unaffected geographic regions [3]. The viruses are transmitted to humans through infected mosquitoes, and may induce clinical manifestations ranging from a mild, uncomplicated febrile illness to the more severe dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Increased vascular permeability is thought to be central in the pathogenesis
%U http://www.thrombosisjournal.com/content/3/1/17