%0 Journal Article
%T Le droit au divorce des femmes (khul¡®) en islam : pratiques diff¨¦rentielles en Mauritanie et en ¨¦gypte The Right to Divorce for Women (khul¡®) in Islam: Comparative Practices in Mauritania and Egypt
%A Corinne Fortier
%J Droit et Cultures
%D 2010
%I L¡¯Harmattan
%X Le droit au divorce des femmes ou khul¡®, bien que g¨¦n¨¦ralement moins connu et moins pratiqu¨¦ par les soci¨¦t¨¦s musulmanes que la r¨¦pudiation, figure dans les textes l¨¦gislatifs islamiques. Dans le droit musulman, l¡¯¨¦pouse peut racheter la libert¨¦ qu¡¯elle a ali¨¦n¨¦e ¨¤ son ¨¦poux en ¨¦change de la compensation matrimoniale, ce qui t¨¦moigne en creux du r le de la dot qui autorise socialement et l¨¦galement l¡¯homme ¨¤ prendre possession du corps f¨¦minin. Connu et pratiqu¨¦ depuis des si¨¨cles dans la soci¨¦t¨¦ maure, qui se r¨¦f¨¨re dans sa pratique juridique aux trait¨¦s de droit mal¨¦kite anciens et r¨¦cemment au Code de statut personnel de 2001, le divorce f¨¦minin n¡¯a pas la connotation subversive qu¡¯il a en ¨¦gypte depuis que le nouveau Code de statut personnel de 2000 donne aux femmes le droit de divorcer sans que l¡¯accord de leur mari ne soit n¨¦cessaire. Cette recherche compar¨¦e du divorce f¨¦minin en Mauritanie et en ¨¦gypte montre que chaquesoci¨¦t¨¦ fait un usage diff¨¦rentiel du droit musulman, usage qui s¡¯explique, entre autres, par le degr¨¦ de connaissance de ce corpus juridique ainsi que par la configuration sp¨¦cifique des rapports sociaux de sexe et de parent¨¦. The right to divorce available through women¡¯s own initiatives, or khul¡®, although generally less known and less practiced by Muslim societies than repudiation, is clearly elaborated in Islamic jurisprudence. By khul¡®, the wife can regain the freedom which she had surrendered to her husband¡¯s authority by reimbursing his marital compensation of gifts given to her and her family at the time of betrothal and wedding. This legal process for divorce testifies implicitly to the role of bridewealth as that which secures the man with social, legal and symbolic authority to possess the female body.Women¡¯s divorce has been known and practiced for centuries in Moorish society of Mauritania which refers in its legal practice to treaties of ancient maliki jurisprudence and recently to the Code of personal status of 2001. Therefore, women¡¯s divorce does not have the subversive connotation that it has recently acquired in Egypt since the new Code of personal status of 2000 gave women the right to divorce without the agreement of her husband. This comparative research about women¡¯s divorce in Mauritania and in Egypt shows that each society makes differential usage of Islamic jurisprudence. This usage can be explained by many factors, especially, by the degree of knowledge of this Sunni legal corpus, as well as the specific kinship and gender relations of each society.
%K droit musulman
%K Mauritanie
%K ¨¦gypte
%K divorce f¨¦minin
%K r¨¦pudiation
%K dot
%K Islamic jurisprudence
%K Mauritania
%K Egypt
%K divorce
%K bridewealth
%K khul¡®.
%U http://droitcultures.revues.org/1950