%0 Journal Article
%T Susceptibility Variation in Eucalyptus spp. in Relation to Leptocybe invasa and Ophelimus maskelli (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Two Invasive Gall Wasps Occurring in Portugal Varia  o da Suscetibilidade de Esp¨¦cies de Eucalyptus spp. em Rela  o a Leptocybe invasa e Ophelimus maskelli (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Duas Esp¨¦cies Gal¨ªcolas Invasoras em Portugal
%A N. Durand
%A J.C. Rodrigues
%A E. Mateus
%A C. Boavida
%J Silva Lusitana
%D 2011
%I Esta??o Florestal Nacional
%X Leptocybe invasa (Fisher & LaSalle) and Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead) are two new invasive pests, originating from Australia, which are spreading quickly in the Mediterranean countries, Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Leptocybe invasa causes typical bump-shaped galls on the leaf midribs, petioles and stems of new growth of several Eucalyptus species and O. maskelli induces small round galls on both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces. Field sampling was conducted with the aim to determine differences in susceptibility between E. camaldulensis and E. globulus, two host species of economic importance frequent in Portugal. Differences in susceptibility to L. invasa were found for the two species, a hybrid population and between families of Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus. Results demonstrated interspecific and intraspecific susceptibility variations. In order to understand the intraspecific variations, physical and chemical traits of the most susceptible and resistant genotypes were analyzed further. Physical analyses of Eucalyptus leaves by thickness measurements and leaf surface observations by SEM did not reveal significant differences between susceptible and resistant genotypes. On the contrary, chemical analyses concerning chemical fingerprints by NIRS and leaf volatiles by GC-MS revealed significant differences. Leptocybe invasa (Fisher & LaSalle) e Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead) s o duas esp¨¦cies invasoras, origin¨¢rias da Austr¨¢lia, que est o a disseminar-se pela Europa mediterranica, ¨¢frica, M¨¦dio Oriente e ¨¢sia. Leptocybe invasa provoca galhas t¨ªpicas com forma de incha o nas nervuras foliares, pec¨ªolos e caules dos ramos de v¨¢rias esp¨¦cies de Eucalyptus, enquanto O. maskelli origina pequenas galhas redondas tanto na parte adaxial como abaxial da superf¨ªcie das folhas. Com o objetivos de determinar as diferen as na susceptibilidade entre E. camaldulensis e E. globulus, duas esp¨¦cies frequentes em Portugal, foram efetuadas amostragens no terreno direcionadas para detetar estas duas pragas. Foram encontradas diferen as na suscetibilidade para as duas esp¨¦cies de eucaliptos, para uma popula  o h¨ªbrida e para fam¨ªlias de Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus. Os resultados demonstram uma varia  o de suscetibilidade inter e intra espec¨ªfica. Para compreender a varia  o intra-espec¨ªfica, tra os f¨ªsicos e qu¨ªmicos dos gen¨®tipos mais suscet¨ªveis e resistentes foram adicionalmente analisados. A an¨¢lise f¨ªsica da espessura das folhas de Eucalyptus e observa  es com MEV da superf¨ªcie foliar n o detetaram diferen as significativas entre gen¨®tipos suscet¨ªveis e res
%K Suscetibilidade vegetal
%K insetos gal¨ªcolas
%K Eulophidae
%K Eucalyptus
%K Plant susceptibility
%K gall wasps
%K Eulophidae
%K Eucalyptus
%U http://www.scielo.oces.mctes.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0870-63522011000200004