%0 Journal Article
%T Crises et transformations du mod¨¨le social-d¨¦mocrate su¨¦dois Crisis and changes in the swedish social-democrat model Crisis y cambios en el modelo social-dem¨®crata sueco
%A Jean-Fran£¿ois Vidal
%J Revue de la R¨¦gulation : Capitalisme, Institutions, Pouvoirs
%D 2010
%I Association Recherche & R¨¦gulation
%X Cet article analyse les causes et les cons¨¦quences de la crise du mod¨¨le su¨¦dois. Il pr¨¦sente d¡¯abord les principales caract¨¦ristiques des politiques ¨¦conomiques social-d¨¦mocrates mises en  uvre entre les ann¨¦es 1930 et les ann¨¦es 1970. Ensuite, les causes possibles des difficult¨¦s des ann¨¦es 1970 aux ann¨¦es 1990 sont discut¨¦es et hi¨¦rarchis¨¦es. Nous concluons que la grave crise financi¨¨re de 1991-1992, qui a suivi la d¨¦r¨¦gulation du syst¨¨me bancaire a jou¨¦ un r le plus important que l¡¯¨¦rosion du syst¨¨me de n¨¦gociations n¨¦ocorporatistes, que le d¨¦veloppement de l¡¯¨¦tat providence, que l¡¯inadaptation de la sp¨¦cialisation des exportations. Pour r¨¦duire les d¨¦ficits publics consid¨¦rables qui ont r¨¦sult¨¦ de la r¨¦cession, les autorit¨¦s ont fait des politiques d¡¯aust¨¦rit¨¦ s¨¦v¨¨re, combinant dans des proportions ¨¦gales des r¨¦ductions de d¨¦penses et des hausses d¡¯imp ts ; mais l¡¯¨¦tat providence su¨¦dois a conserv¨¦ un poids important. Enfin, le r¨¦gime de croissance (au sens de l¡¯¨¦cole de la r¨¦gulation) su¨¦dois s¡¯est transform¨¦ rapidement apr¨¨s cette crise. L¡¯expansion a repos¨¦ principalement sur l¡¯accroissement des parts de march¨¦ ¨¤ l¡¯exportation et sur les exc¨¦dents du commerce ext¨¦rieur (croissance n¨¦omercantiliste), dus principalement ¨¤ la d¨¦pr¨¦ciation de la couronne et ¨¤ la compression de la demande int¨¦rieure, car la sp¨¦cialisation de la Su¨¨de est rest¨¦e assez traditionnelle. This article presents an analysis of the causes and outcomes of the crisis of the Swedish model. We begin by describing the principal features of the Social-Democratic policies that were implemented between the 1930¡¯s and the 1970¡¯s. Next, we discuss the possible causes of the economic slump between from the 1970¡¯s through the 1990¡¯s. We conclude that the severe financial crisis of 1991-1992 that followed bank deregulation played a more significant role than did the erosion of the neo-corporatist collective bargaining system, the expansion of the welfare state, or the inadequacy of the specialization of the country¡¯s exports. In order to reduce the considerable public deficit caused by the recession, the government implemented a strict austerity program that included cuts in expenditures an proportionate tax increases. Despite the severity of these policies, the Swedish welfare state remains extensive. Ultimately, the growth regime (in the regulationist sense) was rapidly transformed following the crisis. Subsequent growth resulted primarily from an increase in the nation¡¯s share of world exports and an increase in the foreign trade surplus (neo-mercantilist growth), in turn principally du
%K Social-democraty
%K Swedish Model
%K modelo sueco
%K social-democracia
%K social-d¨¦mocratie
%K mod¨¨le su¨¦dois
%K B52 - Institutional
%K Evolutionary
%K O52 - Europe
%U http://regulation.revues.org/8931