%0 Journal Article
%T Les Arm¨¦niens en ¨¦gypte au xixe si¨¨cle, identit¨¦ et enregistrement Identity and registration: Armenians in Egypt in the nineteenth century
%A Anne Kazazian
%J Revue des Mondes Musulmans et de la M¨¦diterran¨¦e
%D 2012
%I Universit¨¦ de Provence
%R 10.4000/remmm.6617
%X Les Arm¨¦niens pr¨¦sents en Egypte au d¨¦but du xixe si¨¨cle sont majoritairement des immigrants r¨¦cents. Pendant tout le si¨¨cle, la communaut¨¦ ¨¤ laquelle ils appartiennent est l¡¯instance de validation de leur identit¨¦. ¨¤ partir de 1864, l¡¯administration communautaire ¨¦labore pour les individus qui en d¨¦pendent, un ¨¦tat civil moderne, ¨¤ l¡¯aide de moyens efficaces : enregistrement uniforme, nombre restreint de rubriques, imposition d¡¯un nom de famille. Elle les identifiait d¨¦j¨¤ avant cette date, notamment ¨¤ l¡¯occasion des bapt¨ºmes, mariages et s¨¦pultures. C¡¯est surtout ¨¤ cet enregistrement depuis le d¨¦but du xixe si¨¨cle que  se consacre l¡¯article pour observer quelles ¨¦taient, en l¡¯absence d¡¯un cadre impos¨¦, les proc¨¦dures d¡¯identification. L¡¯identit¨¦ d¡¯un individu ¨¦tait loin d¡¯¨ºtre toujours exprim¨¦e de la m¨ºme fa on. En l¡¯absence d¡¯un nom de famille, l¡¯individu ¨¦tait identifi¨¦ par la combinaison d¡¯¨¦l¨¦ments qui s¡¯ajoutaient ¨¤ son nom : le lien avec d¡¯autres personnes - membres de la m¨ºme famille, amis, relations de travail-, certaines pratiques comme le p¨¨lerinage ¨¤ J¨¦rusalem, le titre d¡¯usage, donc le statut social.  Bref, l¡¯identification individuelle donne ¨¤ lire une microsoci¨¦t¨¦ qui cessera d¡¯¨ºtre visible apr¨¨s 1864. Most Armenians living in Egypt in the early nineteenth century are recent immigrants, and the community they belong to is the main autorithy which would validate their identity. From 1864 onwards, the community administration develops a highly efficient registry system: uniform registration, limited number of entries, mandatory use of a family name. Before then, individuals had to officially define themselves mainly on the occasion of baptisms, marriages and burials, and without using a set framework. This article focuses on this earlier stage of registration, which shows considerable variation between individual cases. In the absence of standardized family names, individuals were defined through a combination of elements which were added to their name, and expressed criteria such as their relationship with other people - relatives, friends, coworkers -, personal practices ¨C the pilgrimage to Jerusalem, for instance -or known titles and social status. These variations allow insights into the functioning of a local society which became less visible after 1864.
%K Armenians
%K Jabart
%K Mu ammad Al
%K nineteenth century
%K identities
%K registration
%K community
%K Arm¨¦niens
%K Jabart
%K Mu ammad Al
%K xixe si¨¨cle
%K identification
%K enregistrement
%K ¨¦tat civil
%K nom
%K communaut¨¦
%K Empire Ottoman
%U http://remmm.revues.org/6617