%0 Journal Article
%T Une nouvelle proc¨¦dure d¡¯exp¨¦rimentation comportementale ¨¤ l¡¯interface entre les approches   Naturalistes   et   G¨¦n¨¦ralistes   de la cognition du primate A new behavioral test procedure at the interface between ¡°Naturalist¡± and ¡°Generalist¡± approaches of primate cognition
%A Jo£¿l£¿Fagot
%J Revue de Primatologie
%D 2011
%I Soci¨¦t¨¦ Francophone de Primatologie
%R 10.4000/primatologie.468
%X Le domaine d¡¯¨¦tude de la cognition du primate est caract¨¦ris¨¦ par deux approches distinctes. L¡¯approche Naturaliste consiste ¨¤ s¡¯int¨¦resser aux comportements naturels, et ¨¤ tenter de comprendre les facteurs et pressions s¨¦lectives qui ont permis l¡¯¨¦mergence de ces fonctions au cours de la phylogen¨¨se. L¡¯approche G¨¦n¨¦raliste postule qu¡¯il existe des traits cognitifs communs entre l¡¯humain et l¡¯animal, et cherche ¨¤ identifier ces traits dans une recherche de laboratoire. Dans cet article, je pr¨¦sente une nouvelle m¨¦thode de recherche favorable ¨¤ un interfa age entre ces deux approches. La d¨¦marche consiste ¨¤ installer un laboratoire en p¨¦riph¨¦rie des enclos d¡¯¨¦levage, et ¨¤ permettre aux sujets d¡¯interagir librement avec les stations exp¨¦rimentales, alors qu¡¯ils sont maintenus dans leur groupe social. Cet article pr¨¦sente une synth¨¨se des principaux r¨¦sultats que nous avons obtenus avec cette approche, et les illustre, en en soulignant les avantages de notre approche par rapport aux approches plus traditionnelles de laboratoire. The study of primate cognition may adhere to two different paradigms. The first one is referred to as the Naturalist approach. Investigators in that field attempt to characterize natural behaviors, and to identify the various factors accounting for their evolution in nature.   The second one is referred to as the Generalist approach. Generalist researchers attempt to identify cognitive processes shared by animals and humans. While Naturalist researchers prefer natural or semi-natural conditions for their science, the context favored by the Generalist researchers is the laboratory allowing the test of isolated primates. In that paper, I present a novel experimental protocol favoring an interface between the Naturalist and Generalist approaches. The general idea of this protocol is to present a laboratory nearby an enclosure where monkeys live in a semi-natural context. The test systems installed within the laboratory are opened and freely accessible from the enclosure. The monkeys (baboons in our research) can voluntarily enter the test booth to participate to the research. This protocol has been fully developed, installed and validated in my laboratory during the last 3 years, and I present here the main results collected during that period. I (1) demonstrate that this approach allows the test of a large number of participants which participate to the research at a high frequency, (2) identify the main factors (age, day time, reinforcement rate, etc..) that affect their behavior in the tasks, (3) illustrate the effect of the test s
%K cognition
%K primates
%K baboon
%K non-human primates
%K M¨¦thodes
%U http://primatologie.revues.org/468