%0 Journal Article
%T Discoloration of Ancient Egyptian Mural Paintings by Streptomyces Strains and Methods of Its Removal
%A Akmal Ali SAKR
%A Mona Foad ALI
%A Mohamed Farouk GHALY
%A Mahmoud El-Sayed Farrag ABDEL-HALIEM
%J International Journal of Conservation Science
%D 2012
%I Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi
%X Streptomyces isolated from mural paintings at Tell Basta and Tanis tombs were identified using 16S rDNA sequencing method. These Streptomyces strains caused discoloration of mural paintings with irreversible red stains of carotenoid pigment. A mixture of n-hexan and acetone (92:8 v/v) was the best solvent for extracting and purification of red pigment from biomass of Streptomyces. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were the most effective in treatment of these red stains without changing the paintings or stone surfaces.
%K Carotenoid pigment
%K Dimethyl sulfoxide
%K N
%K N-dimethylformamide
%K Melanin pigment
%K Streptomyces
%K Tanis
%K Tell Basta
%U http://ijcs.uaic.ro/pub/IJCS-12-25-Sakr.pdf