%0 Journal Article
%T Human IgG response to a salivary peptide, gSG6-P1, as a new immuno-epidemiological tool for evaluating low-level exposure to Anopheles bites
%A Anne Poinsignon
%A Sylvie Cornelie
%A Fatou Ba
%A Denis Boulanger
%A Cheikh Sow
%A Marie Rossignol
%A Cheikh Sokhna
%A Badara Cisse
%A Fran£żois Simondon
%A Franck Remoue
%J Malaria Journal
%D 2009
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1475-2875-8-198
%X The IgG Ab level to gSG6-P1 was evaluated at the peak and at the end of the An. gambiae exposure season in children living in Senegalese villages, where the Anopheles density was estimated to be very low by classical entomological trapping but where malaria transmission occurred during the studied season.Specific IgG responses to gSG6-P1 were observed in children exposed to very low-level of Anopheles bites. In addition, a significant increase in the specific IgG Ab level was observed during the Anopheles exposure season whereas classical entomological data have reported very few or no Anopheles during the studied period. Furthermore, this biomarker may also be applicable to evaluate the heterogeneity of individual exposure.The results strengthen the hypothesis that the evaluation of IgG responses to gSG6-P1 during the season of exposure could reflect the real human contact with anthropophilic Anopheles and suggest that this biomarker of low exposure could be used at the individual level. This promising immuno-epidemiological marker could represent a useful tool to assess the risk to very low exposure to malaria vectors as observed in seasonal, urban, altitude or travellers contexts. In addition, this biomarker could be used for the surveillance survey after applying anti-vector strategy.The re-emergence of mosquito-borne diseases represents a major public health problem in developing and developed countries, highlighting the need to develop new tools to assess the risk of disease transmission. Malaria has a broad range of different epidemiological profiles, depending on the distribution and vectorial capacity of the mosquito vectors, environmental conditions, and the degree of protective immunity acquired by the exposed population. Control strategies need to be formulated according to transmission and exposure patterns, and the behaviour of the relevant Anopheles species.The WHO reported that 29% of the world's population lives in areas where the level of malaria t
%U http://www.malariajournal.com/content/8/1/198