%0 Journal Article
%T Autologous stromal vascular fraction therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: rationale and clinical safety
%A Jorge Rodriguez
%A Michael P Murphy
%A Soonjun Hong
%A Marialaura Madrigal
%A Keith L March
%A Boris Minev
%A Robert J Harman
%A Chien-Shing Chen
%A Ruben Timmons
%A Annette M Marleau
%A Neil H Riordan
%J International Archives of Medicine
%D 2012
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1755-7682-5-5
%X Increasing number of reports support the possibility of utilizing adult stem cell therapy not only for treatment of degenerative conditions, but also as a means of addressing underlying inflammation or autoimmune conditions [1-8]. Unfortunately, stem cell therapy is often complicated by the need for complex laboratories, processing procedures and clean rooms. The potential drawbacks of allogeneic donor approaches include the possibility of eventual rejection of the cellular graft [9-12], as well as limitation of efficacy due to trophic effects but not de novo tissue generation [13-15]. Conversely, adult stem cell based approaches, particularly using bone marrow, are limited to the relatively small number of progenitor cells within the bone marrow. While bone marrow mononuclear cell administration appears to be effective in conditions where cells are locally implanted, such as intramyocardial [16-18], or intramuscular in critical limb ischemia [19-21], the intravenous administration of non-expanded bone marrow has not been performed with efficacy in systemic conditions without prior myeloablation of the recipient. One way of circumventing this problem is to expand autologous stem cells prior to implantation. Unfortunately, besides issues of cost and practicality, there is a risk that the in vitro manipulation could be linked to contamination, as well as genomic alterations of the cells, leading to transformation.Several studies have used bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for various conditions including type 2 diabetes [22], osteoarthritis [23], stroke [24], and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [25]. This procedure requires expansion of the MSC compartment in vitro and therefore adds an element of complexity to the treatment. A much simpler procedure, for which adipose tissue is uniquely suited, is the administration of autologous, non-expanded cellular fraction. The rationale behind this derives from observations that: a) adipose tissue contains substant
%U http://www.intarchmed.com/content/5/1/5