%0 Journal Article
%T High sensitivity of an ELISA kit for detection of the gamma-isoform of 14-3-3 proteins: usefulness in laboratory diagnosis of human prion disease
%A Yuki Matsui
%A Katsuya Satoh
%A Toshiaki Miyazaki
%A Susumu Shirabe
%A Ryuichiro Atarashi
%A Kazuo Mutsukura
%A Akira Satoh
%A Yasufumi Kataoka
%A Noriyuki Nishida
%J BMC Neurology
%D 2011
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1471-2377-11-120
%X CJD patients (n = 114 sporadic CJD patients, 7 genetic CJD, and 3 iatrogenic CJD) and 99 patients with other neurodegenerative diseases were examined in this study. The CSF samples obtained were analyzed by Western blotting for 14-3-3 gamma, and by ELISA for total tau protein. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the newly developed sandwich ELISA for 14-3-3 gamma.The cut-off value of the 14-3-3 gamma ELISA was > 1, 683 AU/ml; and sensitivity was 95.2%, with 72.7% specificity. This specificity was the same for the total tau protein ELISA. Seven CJD cases were negative by WB but positive using the 14-3-3 gamma ELISA, indicating that the ELISA is more sensitive. All 21 cases of early stage CJD could be diagnosed using a combination of the 14-3-3¦Ã ELISA and diffusion weighted MR imaging (DWI-MRI).The 14-3-3 gamma ELISA was more sensitive than conventional WB, and was useful for laboratory diagnosis of CJD, similar to the ELISA for the tau protein. Using DWI-MRI and these ELISA tests on CSF, diagnosis of CJD will be possible even at early stages of the disease.Hshich et al.[1] reported use of the 14-3-3 protein for diagnosis of prion diseases in 1996. This protein is a reliable marker of rapid neuronal destruction, and has been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of several progressive neurological disorders. The 14-3-3 protein is one supportive and essential marker in the CSF of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) patients. Periodic sharp wave complexes (PSWC) observed on an electroencephalographic (EEG) recording and the presence of 14-3-3 in CSF are both included in the diagnostic criteria for CJD as supplied by the World Health Organization (WHO) [2]. The 14-3-3 protein is detected by Western blot (WB) in many clinical laboratories; however, conducting a WB assay to detect 14-3-3 is time consuming and expensive because the WB method consists of many steps and requires multiple investigators to discern the protein bands [3]. Thus, the developmen
%K CJD
%K CSF
%K ELISA
%K prion disease
%K 14-3-3 protein
%K tau protein
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/11/120