%0 Journal Article
%T P¨¦PTIDOS CON ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA PRODUCIDOS POR MICROORGANISMOS NATIVOS PEPTIDES WITH ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY PRODUCED BY ISOLATED NATIVE MICROORGANISMS
%A Ligia L CORRALES-GARC¨ªA
%A Gelmy L CIRO G
%J Vitae
%D 2010
%I Universidad de Antioquia
%X Al igual que las prote¨ªnas, los p¨¦ptidos antimicrobianos (PAM) son mol¨¦culas vers¨¢tiles sintetizadas por microorganismos siguiendo rutas enzim¨¢ticas, y con interesantes propiedades alimentarias y farmac¨¦uticas, entre ellas la capacidad antibi¨®tica sobre pat¨®genos. La b¨²squeda convencional de biomol¨¦culas provenientes de microorganismos consiste en analizar qu¨ªmicamente su extracto crudo, lo cual es engorroso y prolongado. El m¨¦todo de aislamiento usado en esta investigaci¨®n permiti¨® localizar microorganismos con capacidad para producir PAM por interacci¨®n de cargas entre mol¨¦culas generadas en el metabolismo microbiano y un colorante cargado presente en el medio de cultivo. Se aislaron 20 muestras de suelos de varios pisos t¨¦rmicos en medios selectivos. Se purificaron 35 cepas con base en la interacci¨®n con un colorante b¨¢sico y se identificaron microorganismos del g¨¦nero Streptomyces sp. y Bacillus sp. Se obtuvieron prote¨ªnas de los extractos crudos de fermentaciones, identificando p¨¦ptidos y amino¨¢cidos por cromatograf¨ªa de capa fina y electroforesis. Aquellos extractos con alto contenido proteico se evaluaron por bioautograf¨ªa, y se encontraron 2 extractos de 35 con actividad inhibitoria sobre E. coli ATCC 8739 (halos de 8 mm). Se demuestra la efectividad del m¨¦todo para aislar y purificar microorganismos productores de p¨¦ptidos cargados y que poseen actividad biol¨®gica e industrial de gran inter¨¦s. Like proteins, antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are versatile molecules synthesized by microorganisms using enzymatic pathways with no genetic code instruction. AMP have interesting properties in the food and pharmaceutical industries, like their antimicrobial ability against pathogens. Looking for biomolecules from microorganisms requires hard and time consuming chemical analysis of each microorganism extract. The microorganism isolation method proposed in this research allowed us to find antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria, through interaction between a charged dye mixed with selective agar and metabolites produced by microorganisms. Twenty soil samples from different zones were isolated in selective media; thirty five strains were purified based on interaction between basic dye and charged molecules from bacteria. Streptomyces sp. y Bacillus sp. both genera were identified. Protein extracts were obtained from the isolated microorganisms cultivated in liquid media; peptides and amino acids were identified by thin layer chromatography and electrophoresis. Those extracts with high protein level were used to evaluate bioautography. Two extracts from 35
%K p¨¦ptidos cati¨®nicos antimicrobianos
%K microbiolog¨ªa del suelo
%K cromatograf¨ªa en capa delgada
%K antimicrobial cationic peptides
%K soil microbiology
%K thin layer chromatography
%U http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0121-40042010000200010