%0 Journal Article
%T Urban Governance in Europe : the Government of What ?
%A Olivier Borraz
%A Patrick Le£¿Gal¨¨s
%J M¨¦tropoles
%D 2010
%I M¨¦tropoles
%X Who governs when nobody governs ?  This question is addressed by looking at phenomena that have become characteristic of cities today: violence, crime, immigration, mobility. Answering this question also requires paying more attention to different forms of regulation : state, market, along with cooperative/reciprocal modes of regulation. Risk embodies these different forms : it has become a common way of framing and addressing a wide variety of urban problems, suggesting that to govern is to identify and to manage vulnerabilities through different modes of regulation. Lastly, the question points to the uncertainty that characterizes city borders : these are constantly being redefined both by demographics, urbanization and political reforms.  Qui gouverne quand personne ne gouverne ?  Pour r¨¦pondre ¨¤ cette question, plusieurs traits caract¨¦ristiques des villes contemporaines sont examin¨¦s : violence, criminalit¨¦, immigration, mobilit¨¦. Il convient aussi de s¡¯int¨¦resser de plus pr¨¨s ¨¤ diff¨¦rentes formes de r¨¦gulation : l¡¯¨¦tat, le march¨¦ et des formes qui font appel ¨¤ la coop¨¦ration ou la r¨¦ciprocit¨¦. Le risque incarne ces diff¨¦rentes formes : il constitue une modalit¨¦ de cadrage et de gestion de tout un ensemble de probl¨¨mes urbains, sugg¨¦rant que gouverner revient d¡¯abord et avant tout ¨¤ identifier et g¨¦rer des vuln¨¦rabilit¨¦s par le biais de diff¨¦rents modes de r¨¦gulation. Enfin, la question renvoie aux incertitudes qui entourent les fronti¨¨res de la ville : celles-ci sont en ¨¦volution permanente, sous l¡¯effet de la d¨¦mographie, de l¡¯urbanisation et des r¨¦formes politiques.
%K risk
%K regulation
%K urban governance
%K risque
%K Gouvernance urbaine
%K r¨¦gulation
%U http://metropoles.revues.org/4297