%0 Journal Article
%T Alternative au service public d¡¯eau conventionnel : l¡¯exemple des   r¨¦seaux de groupes d¡¯usagers   d¡¯un bidonville de Mumbai
%A R¨¦mi de£¿Bercegol
%A Adeline Desfeux
%J M¨¦tropoles
%D 2011
%I M¨¦tropoles
%X L¡¯universalisation de l¡¯acc¨¨s ¨¤ l¡¯eau potable reste un d¨¦fi majeur dans les villes du monde en d¨¦veloppement. Face ¨¤ l¡¯ampleur de cet enjeu, toutes les initiatives techniques et institutionnelles tentant d¡¯y r¨¦pondre doivent ¨ºtre prises en compte. A travers l¡¯analyse pr¨¦cise de   r¨¦seaux de groupes d¡¯usagers   mis en place dans un quartier pauvre du Nord-Est de Mumbai, l¡¯objet de cet article est de mettre en lumi¨¨re la capacit¨¦ des communaut¨¦s locales ¨¤ ¨¦laborer et g¨¦rer elles-m¨ºmes des modes de desserte fonctionnels pour compenser les insuffisances du service public. On cherchera ¨¤ questionner l¡¯efficacit¨¦ du r le des usagers dans la r¨¦gulation locale de ces   r¨¦seaux de groupes d¡¯usagers   et les implications politico-territoriales de cette gestion. Ainsi, apr¨¨s avoir explicit¨¦ les modalit¨¦s d¡¯¨¦mergence et de fonctionnement des dispositifs observ¨¦s, leur description critique et leur ¨¦valuation technico-¨¦conomique en seront faites afin d¡¯en proposer d¡¯¨¦ventuelles am¨¦liorations.Plus largement, cette r¨¦flexion s¡¯inscrit dans un champ d¡¯¨¦tude portant sur la diversit¨¦ des modalit¨¦s d¡¯acc¨¨s ¨¤ l¡¯eau urbaine et la l¨¦gitimit¨¦ des communaut¨¦s locales ¨¤ les prendre en charge. Elle vise ¨¤ contribuer au d¨¦bat sur la diff¨¦renciation du service entre les habitants d¡¯une m¨ºme ville. Providing universal access to drinking water remains a formidable challenge in the cities of developing countries and all potential technical and institutional solutions need to be taken into account. By looking at the specific example of ¡°user group networks¡± set up in a poor neighbourhood in the North-East of Mumbai, this article aims to highlight the ability of local communities to design and run functional systems that compensate for shortcomings in the public service. We will analyse the effective role that users play in regulating these groups at local level as well as the political-territorial implications of this type of management. After providing a clear overview of the systems that have emerged and their modus operandi, we will describe and assess them from a critical technical/economic perspective in order to suggest possible improvements.More generally, our research is part of a broader attempt to study the different ways of providing access to urban water and the legitimacy of local communities in taking the process in hand. We wish to contribute to the debate that focuses on providing a differentiated service to the inhabitants of the same city.
%K Mumbai
%K slum
%K water service
%K user group
%K Mumbai
%K bidonville
%K service d¡¯eau
%K groupe d¡¯usagers
%U http://metropoles.revues.org/4462