%0 Journal Article
%T In search of the urban variable : Understanding the roots of urban planning in Portugal
%A ¨¢lvaro Ferreira da Silva
%A Maria Lu¨ªsa Sousa
%J M¨¦tropoles
%D 2011
%I M¨¦tropoles
%X This article demonstrates how public control over the street was at the origin of modern urban planning in Lisbon. The increased pressure over the street in the nineteenth-century city demanded increased public intervention, which was at the roots of urban planning as practice and as a body of theory. The strategic character assumed by urban planning derived from the fact that it was at the crossroads of the most important problems that nineteenth-century cities experienced: sanitation, circulation, and beautification. The preparation of the first Portuguese law on urban planning (1864) and the first improvement plan (1881) resulted from this need to exercise public monopoly over the use of the city streets. However, the financial, political, and technical conditions defined the scope of possibilities for the programme of improvement and beautification of the Portuguese capital. This article analyses the compromises between the forces driving modernisation and the limits of the possibilities. Cet article d¨¦montre que le contr le public de la voirie est ¨¤ l'origine de la planification urbaine moderne ¨¤ Lisbonne. L'intensification de l¡¯usage des rues au cours du XIXe si¨¨cle a g¨¦n¨¦r¨¦ un interventionnisme public accru, qui est ¨¤ l'origine de la constitution de l'am¨¦nagement urbain aussi bien comme pratique que comme corpus th¨¦orique. Se trouvant au carrefour des principales probl¨¦matiques de la ville du XIXe si¨¨cle (assainissement, circulation, embellissement), la planification urbaine a rev¨ºtu un caract¨¨re strat¨¦gique primordial. L'¨¦laboration de la premi¨¨re loi portugaise traitant de planification urbaine (1864) et du premier plan d'am¨¦nagement (1881) est la cons¨¦quence de ce besoin de la puissance publique d'exercer son monopole sur l'usage de la voirie. Toutefois, les consid¨¦rations financi¨¨res, politiques et techniques ont restreint le champ des programmes d'am¨¦nagement et d'embellissement de la capitale portugaise. Cet article analyse le compromis trouv¨¦ entre les forces de modernisation et les limites av¨¦r¨¦es des possibilit¨¦s d¡¯am¨¦nagement urbain ¨¤ Lisbonne
%K Lisbon
%K urban environment
%K circulation
%K urban planning
%K planification urbaine
%K Lisbonne
%K environnement urbain
%K circulation
%U http://metropoles.revues.org/4029