%0 Journal Article
%T Reversal of type 1 diabetes via islet ¦Â cell regeneration following immune modulation by cord blood-derived multipotent stem cells
%A Yong Zhao
%A Zhaoshun Jiang
%A Tingbao Zhao
%A Mingliang Ye
%A Chengjin Hu
%A Zhaohui Yin
%A Heng Li
%A Ye Zhang
%A Yalin Diao
%A Yunxiang Li
%A Yingjian Chen
%A Xiaoming Sun
%A Mary Fisk
%A Randal Skidgel
%A Mark Holterman
%A Bellur Prabhakar
%A Theodore Mazzone
%J BMC Medicine
%D 2012
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1741-7015-10-3
%X We developed a procedure for Stem Cell Educator therapy in which a patient's blood is circulated through a closed-loop system that separates lymphocytes from the whole blood and briefly co-cultures them with adherent CB-SCs before returning them to the patient's circulation. In an open-label, phase1/phase 2 study, patients (n = 15) with T1D received one treatment with the Stem Cell Educator. Median age was 29 years (range: 15 to 41), and median diabetic history was 8 years (range: 1 to 21).Stem Cell Educator therapy was well tolerated in all participants with minimal pain from two venipunctures and no adverse events. Stem Cell Educator therapy can markedly improve C-peptide levels, reduce the median glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) values, and decrease the median daily dose of insulin in patients with some residual ¦Â cell function (n = 6) and patients with no residual pancreatic islet ¦Â cell function (n = 6). Treatment also produced an increase in basal and glucose-stimulated C-peptide levels through 40 weeks. However, participants in the Control Group (n = 3) did not exhibit significant change at any follow-up. Individuals who received Stem Cell Educator therapy exhibited increased expression of co-stimulating molecules (specifically, CD28 and ICOS), increases in the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs, and restoration of Th1/Th2/Th3 cytokine balance.Stem Cell Educator therapy is safe, and in individuals with moderate or severe T1D, a single treatment produces lasting improvement in metabolic control. Initial results indicate Stem Cell Educator therapy reverses autoimmunity and promotes regeneration of islet ¦Â cells. Successful immune modulation by CB-SCs and the resulting clinical improvement in patient status may have important implications for other autoimmune and inflammation-related diseases without the safety and ethical concerns associated with conventional stem cell-based approaches.ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01350219.In Type 1 diabetes (T1D), autoimmune dest
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/10/3