%0 Journal Article
%T Tolerability of inhaled N-chlorotaurine in an acute pig streptococcal lower airway inflammation model
%A Martin Schwienbacher
%A Benedikt Treml
%A Anna Pinna
%A Ralf Geiger
%A Hannes Reinstadler
%A Iris Pircher
%A Elisabeth Schmidl
%A Christian Willomitzer
%A Johannes Neumeister
%A Michael Pilch
%A Maria Hauer
%A Thomas Hager
%A Consolato Sergi
%A Sabine Scholl-B¨¹rgi
%A Thomas Giese
%A Alexander L£¿ckinger
%A Markus Nagl
%J BMC Infectious Diseases
%D 2011
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1471-2334-11-231
%X Anesthetized pigs were inoculated with 20 ml of a solution containing approximately 108 CFU/ml Streptococcus pyogenes strain d68 via a duodenal tube placed through the tracheal tube down to the carina. Two hours later, 5 ml of 1% NCT aqueous solution (test group, n = 15) or 5 ml of 0.9% NaCl (control group, n = 16) was inhaled via the tracheal tube connected to a nebulizer. Inhalation was repeated every hour, four times in total. Lung function and haemodynamics were monitored. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were removed for determination of colony forming units (CFU), and lung samples for histology.Arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) decreased rapidly after instillation of the bacteria in all animals and showed only a slight further decrease at the end of the experiment without a difference between both groups. Pulmonary artery pressure increased to a peak 1-1.5 h after application of the bacteria, decreased in the following hour and remained constant during treatment, again similarly in both groups. Histology demonstrated granulocytic infiltration in the central parts of the lung, while this was absent in the periphery. Expression of TNF-alpha, IL-8, and haemoxygenase-1 in lung biopsies was similar in both groups. CFU counts in bronchoalveolar lavage came to 170 (10; 1388) CFU/ml (median and 25 and 75 percentiles) for the NCT treated pigs, and to 250 (10; 5.5 ¡Á 105) CFU/ml for NaCl treated pigs (p = 0.4159).Inhaled NCT at a concentration of 1% proved to be very well tolerated also in the infected bronchopulmonary system. This study confirms the tolerability in this delicate body region, which has been proven in healthy pigs previously. Regarding efficacy, no conclusions can be drawn, mainly because of the limited test period of the model.N-chlorotaurine is an endogenous mild oxidant formed from hypochlorous acid and taurine during the oxidative burst of granulocytes and monocytes [1,2]. It can be synthesized chemically as sodium salt (Cl-HN-CH2-CH2-SO3-Na, NCT) [3]
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/11/231