%0 Journal Article
%T High Rates of All-cause and Gastroenteritis-related Hospitalization Morbidity and Mortality among HIV-exposed Indian Infants
%A Harjot K Singh
%A Nikhil Gupte
%A Aarti Kinikar
%A Renu Bharadwaj
%A Jayagowri Sastry
%A Nishi Suryavanshi
%A Uma Nayak
%A Srikanth Tripathy
%A Ramesh Paranjape
%A Arun Jamkar
%A Robert C Bollinger
%A Amita Gupta
%A the SWEN India Study Team
%J BMC Infectious Diseases
%D 2011
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1471-2334-11-193
%X Using data from a prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) trial (India SWEN), where HIV-exposed breastfed infants were given extended nevirapine, we measured 12-month infant all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization rates and hospitalization risk factors.Among 737 HIV-exposed Indian infants, 93 (13%) were HIV-infected, 15 (16%) were on HAART, and 260 (35%) were hospitalized 381 times by 12 months of life. Fifty-six percent of the hospitalizations were attributed to infections; gastroenteritis was most common accounting for 31% of infectious hospitalizations. Gastrointestinal-related hospitalizations steadily increased over time, peaking around 9 months. The 12-month all-cause hospitalization, gastroenteritis-related hospitalization, and in-hospital mortality rates were 906/1000 PY, 229/1000 PY, and 35/1000 PY respectively among HIV-infected infants and 497/1000 PY, 107/1000 PY, and 3/1000 PY respectively among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. Advanced maternal age, infant HIV infection, gestational age, and male sex were associated with higher all-cause hospitalization risk while shorter duration of breastfeeding and abrupt weaning were associated with gastroenteritis-related hospitalization.HIV-exposed Indian infants experience high rates of all-cause and infectious hospitalization (particularly gastroenteritis) and in-hospital mortality. HIV-infected infants are nearly 2-fold more likely to experience hospitalization and 10-fold more likely to die compared to HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. The combination of scaling up HIV PMTCT programs and implementing proven health measures against infections could significantly reduce hospitalization morbidity and mortality among HIV-exposed Indian infants.Pneumonia and gastroenteritis account for nearly 50% of early childhood morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-income country settings [1]. HIV-infection increases the risks of these infections several fold and of mortality approximately 9-fold in sub-S
%K Infant
%K HIV
%K India
%K Hospitalization
%K In-hospital Mortality
%K gastroenteritis
%K pneumonia
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/11/193