%0 Journal Article
%T L¡¯ uvre comme possibilit¨¦ : pour une ¨¦tude compar¨¦e de la litt¨¦rature n¨¦gative
%A Marcos Eymar
%J Trans : Revue de Litt¨¦rature G¨¦n¨¦rale et Compar¨¦e
%D 2005
%I Universit¨¦ Sorbonne Nouvelle
%X La litt¨¦rature compar¨¦e s¡¯est toujours interrog¨¦e sur les limites des ¨¦tudes litt¨¦raires. Face ¨¤ la m¨¦thode positiviste, qui con oit la litt¨¦rature comme un corpus ferm¨¦ d¡¯ uvres ¨¤ ¨¦tudier, le pr¨¦sent article, s¡¯inspirant librement de certains aspects de la grammaire g¨¦n¨¦rative de Chomsky, propose d¡¯envisager la litt¨¦rature comme une facult¨¦ cr¨¦ative distincte de la facult¨¦ linguistique. Cette approche, qui fait de l¡¯ uvre non pas un produit mais une possibilit¨¦, s¡¯av¨¨re particuli¨¨rement adapt¨¦e ¨¤ l¡¯¨¦tude compar¨¦e d¡¯une litt¨¦rature - repr¨¦sent¨¦e par des auteurs comme Blanchot ou Vila-Matas - qui cherche de nouvelles voies expressives dans sa propre n¨¦gation. Comparative literature has always taken into account the problem of the boundaries of literary studies. Whereas the positivist method considers literature as a closed corpus of works which the critic is due to analyse, this article freely reuses some aspects of Chomsky¡¯s generative grammar to propose a conception of literature as a creative faculty which differs from linguistic faculty. This approach no longer considers literary work as a product but as a possibility, and it prouves out to be particularly adequate to a comparative study of a certain kind of literature - as represented by authors such as Blanchot and Vila-Matas - which seeks new ways of expression in its own denial. La literatura comparada siempre se ha caracterizado por problematizar los l¨ªmites de los estudios literarios. Frente al m¨¦todo positivista, que concibe la literatura como un conjunto cerrado de obras analizables, el presente art¨ªculo, que se inspira libremente en algunos aspectos de la gram¨¢tica generativa de Chomsky, propone una concepci¨®n de la literatura como facultad creativa distinta de la facultad ling¨¹¨ªstica. Este enfoque, que hace de la obra no un producto sino una posibilidad, resulta especialmente adecuado para el estudio comparado de una literatura - representada por autores como Blanchot o Vila-Matas - que busca nuevas formas expresivas en su propia negaci¨®n.
%U http://trans.revues.org/113