%0 Journal Article
%T Polyphony of midnight¡¯s children: dispersion of voices and genres in Midnight¡¯s Children = Polifonia dos filhos de meia-noite: dispers o de vozes e g¨ºneros em Midnight¡¯s Children
%A Uma Viswanathan
%J Acta Scientiarum : Language and Culture
%D 2010
%I Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maring¨¢
%X This paper explores the aspect of polyphony in Salman Rushdie¡¯s novelMidnight¡¯s Children (1981). The essence of polyphony in a novel, following Mikhail Bakhtin, is the presence or use of different independent voices that are not merged into one dominant voice. The author, the protagonist, the narrator, the various other characters, the reader, the form and the content of the text, and even the voices from the world outside the text, all these participate in the polyphony. We are invited to explore multiple, co-existing meanings rather than to find a single, finalized meaning. In our age of rapid changes in concepts, styles, modes of representation, and technology, it is more profitable to direct our attention to multiple realities rather than to look for one definitive, unchanging meaning. Since the entities engaged in the polyphony take on different roles and voices in different contexts of time, space, and culture, the voices we hear in the polyphony multiply. We come to see that reality can have different meanings. Reading a novel such as Midnight¡¯s Children as a polyphony or dialogue among different voices can serve as an analogy for a mode that we can adopt in our attempts to understand reality. Este ensaio analisa a polifonia no romance Midnight¡¯s Children (1981),de Salman Rushdie. De acordo como Mikhail Bakhtin, a ess¨ºncia da polifonia ¨¦ a presen a ou o uso de vozes diferentes e independentes que n o se misturam numa ¨²nica voz dominante. O autor, o protagonista, o narrador, os v¨¢rios personagens, o leitor, a forma e ocontexto do texto e at¨¦ as vozes de fora do texto participam nesta polifonia. Exploram-se, portanto, os sentidos m¨²ltiplos e coexistentes; recha a-se a procura de um significado un¨ªvoco e definitivo. Numa ¨¦poca de grandes mudan as em conceitos, estilos, modos de representa  o e tecnologia, seria muito melhor direcionar nossa aten  o ¨¤s m¨²ltiplas realidades do que procurar um sentido imut¨¢vel. J¨¢ que os personagens na polifonia assumem pap¨¦is e vozes diferentes em diferentes contextos de tempo, espa o e cultura,multiplicam-se as vozes ouvidas na polifonia. A realidade assume v¨¢rios sentidos e a leitura de Midnight¡¯s Children como um romance polif nico ou como di¨¢logo entre vozes diferentes servir¨¢ como analogia para uma modalidade que podemos adotar para entender a realidade.
%K Rushdie
%K Bakhtin
%K indian novel
%K polyphony
%K voices
%K romance indiano
%K polifonia
%K vozes
%U http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciLangCult/article/view/1255/1255