%0 Journal Article %T Reflexiones te車ricas sobre las diferencias en salud atribuibles al g谷nero Theoretical reflections on differences in health attributable to gender %A Ileana Elena Castaˋeda Abascal %J Revista Cubana de Salud P迆blica %D 2007 %I Centro Nacional de Informaci車n de Ciencias M谷dicas %X El g谷nero surge a trav谷s de un proceso de construcci車n social que define lo masculino y lo femenino a partir de los sexos biol車gicos, hasta establecer las posiciones de poder entre los mismos. Agendas pol赤ticas nacionales y organismos internacionales han tratado la situaci車n de desventaja de las mujeres, en relaci車n con las desigualdades a las que han sido sometidas a lo largo de la historia, respecto a los hombres. En la Tercera Conferencia de la Mujer celebrada en Nairobi en 1985 se reconoci車 la discriminaci車n de este sexo en la vida econ車mica, pol赤tica y social, lo que se considera como un hecho natural. La Cuarta Conferencia de la Mujer celebrada en Beijing en 1995 discuti車 acerca de la equidad de g谷nero y el empoderamiento de la mujer, aceptados como piedra angular para la planificaci車n de pol赤ticas de salud y programas de poblaci車n. En este art赤culo se realiza una reflexi車n sobre el enfoque de g谷nero en el campo de la salud p迆blica que se sustenta en el sistema te車rico sexo-g谷nero. Gender emerges from a process of social construction that defines what is masculine and what is feminine on the basis of biological sexes to the extent of setting the positions of power between them. National political agendas and international bodies have addressed the unfavorable situation of women with respect to men caused by inequalities to which females have been subjected to throughout the history. In the Third Conference on Woman held in Nairobi in 1985, discrimination of females in the economic, political and social contexts was recognized, which is considered as a natural event. The Fourth Conference on Woman held in Beijing in 1995 discussed gender equity and woman empowerment, both accepted as a milestone for the planning of health policies and population programs. The UN General Assembly session held from June to July, 1999 in New York City called upon the scientific community to focus its efforts on the design and use of indicators capable of measuring the real health situation in general and the reproductive health in particular, paying special attention to gender approach. This article made a reflection on gender approach in the field of public health based on the theoretical sex-gender system. %K Salud p迆blica %K g谷nero %K desigualdades %K salud %K Public health %K gender %K inequalities %K indicators %U http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-34662007000200011