%0 Journal Article
%T Protogenin, a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is implicated in the development of the mouse lower first molar
%A Keiko F Takahashi
%A Tamotsu Kiyoshima
%A Ieyoshi Kobayashi
%A Ming Xie
%A Haruyoshi Yamaza
%A Hiroaki Fujiwara
%A Yukiko Ookuma
%A Kengo Nagata
%A Hiroko Wada
%A Takako Sakai
%A Yoshihiro Terada
%A Hidetaka Sakai
%J BMC Developmental Biology
%D 2010
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1471-213x-10-115
%X Ptrg is preferentially expressed in the early stage of organogenesis. Prtg mRNA and protein were widely expressed in the mesenchymal cells in the mandible at E10.5. The oral epithelial cells were also positive for Prtg. The expression intensity of Prtg after E12.0 was markedly reduced in the mesenchymal cells of the mandible, and was restricted to the area where the tooth bud was likely to be formed. Signals were also observed in the epithelial cells of the tooth germ. Weak signals were observed in the inner enamel epithelial cells at E16.0 and E18.0. An inhibition assay using a hemagglutinating virus of Japan-liposome containing Prtg antisense-phosphorothioated-oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-S-ODN) in cultured mandibles at E10.5 showed a significant growth inhibition in the tooth germ. The relationship between Prtg and the odontogenesis-related genes was examined in mouse E10.5 mandible, and we verified that the Bmp-4 expression had significantly been decreased in the mouse E10.5 mandible 24 hr after treatment with Prtg AS-S-ODN.These results indicated that the Prtg might be related to the initial morphogenesis of the tooth germ leading to the differentiation of the inner enamel epithelial cells in the mouse lower first molar. A better understanding of the Prtg function might thus play a critical role in revealing a precious mechanism in tooth germ development.The organs of vertebrates are typically composed of epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. Signaling between these two tissues governs many aspects of organogenesis, from the initiation of organ development to the terminal differentiation of organ-specific cell types. The development and differentiation of the mouse tooth germ, like many other organs, depends on such inductive interactions. A large number of genes have been proven to be related to tooth morphogenesis [1-8]. However, the precise signaling pathway which is involved in the initiation, growth, and differentiation of the tooth germ has not yet been fully e
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-213X/10/115